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A TREASURE ALBUM OF MILLEDGEVILLE 

AND 

BALDWIN COUNTY, GEORGIA 


COMPILED AND EDITED 
BY 

7W NELLE (WOMACK) HINES 

“-‘P 







Y m 
.Ml. H s' 


COPYRIGHTED BY 
NELLE WOMACK HINES 
MILLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA 
19 3 6 



CciA 97359 




Ageless oaks 
Fragrance of magnolia 
Jasmine .... mignonette 
Fur pie breath of wisteria 
Swaying in the moonlight. 

Silver silence. 

Song-ecstasy of a mocking-bird 
In a mimosa tree. 

‘Dream voices. . . like fairy shadows; 
_And in the velvet dusk, 

■ Down a boxwood bordered path, 
JMy Dady Walks. 


Shadows of dreams. . . Old Times 
Old Homes.. Old (gardens.. Old Loves 
“Tie tender grace of a day that is dead. ” 







THE CITY BEAUTIFUL 

BY 

HARRY STILLWELL EDWARDS 

BY COURTESY OF THE ATLANTA JOURNAL 


TIjl’ANY southern cities are beautiful in their wealth of classic architecture, attractive flower gardens and kindly, 

gracious inhabitants, but I am one of those who believe that Georgia’s ancient capital, Milledgeville, has 
no equal in the number and diversity of those things which delight and elevate the soul. There is infinite appeal in 
its architecture, framed in immemorial trees, in the lavish display of color in its gardens, in its clean paved streets, 
velvet lawns, and the grand old hills that run out to the horizon and leave it, a jewel, set in jade under the in¬ 
verted turquoise cup which is its sky. And there is appeal of another kind, but not less delightful, in the easy cour¬ 
tesy and friendliness of the people—courtesy unobtrusive; friendliness sincere and unselfish. 

****** 

Nor is this all. The past clings to Milledgeville, as if the souls of the splendid men and women of other days 
still wandered among its scenes; gallant men and lovely women who helped to build up that immortal tradition, 
“the old South”, which is destined to become America’s fairest legacy; who gave of their brains and souls to edu¬ 
cation, to Godliness, to art and music, dissolving themselves in new generations, as Cleopatra’s pearl passed into 
sparkling wine. 

****** 

But it is the new generation risen from the mysteries of the past that today crown Milledgeville with its greater 
loveliness; the loveliness of vibrant youth and incomparable grace. Within a few tree-sheltered squares four¬ 
teen hundred Georgia girls, reborn, have returned to lay their treasures at their mother’s feet, and take from 
her gentle hands immortal gifts. And not far away in halls that once rang with the eloquence of the South’s greatest 
orators, are hundreds of manly youths wearing their country’s uniform, training for life’s conflicts, come as they 
may—to defend the principles of their government in court, in legislative hall, and on the hustings; to carry its 
flag to victory. 

In truth, gazing upon these splendid boys and girls, one is seeing not alone the Georgia of today, but of yes¬ 
terday and tomorrow. 

One day, perhaps, some Georgian whose inspiration has flowed out of a beautiful life that once graced the 
homes and gardens of the dear old city, will return to erect a monument to Milledgeville—a noble woman hold¬ 
ing her infant, her face lifted toward the east and full of the beauty of holiness. And at her feet carved, in the 
rock, ten words—THE PAST IS IN HER HEART: THE FUTURE IN HER ARMS. For such is 
Milledgeville. 

The State of Georgia has much to boast of in educational institutions. Great colleges carry on for the future 
in many sections, and a thousand noble schools attest the eagerness of her people to keep at the front in mental 
development, but the University at Athens—a great son of Milledgeville—and the colleges at Milledgeville, be¬ 
long peculiarly to the state; and without prejudice to the former, sentiment will always cling closer to the spot 
whence are to come the little mothers of tomorrow. If you, respected readers, fail to journey to this cradle of 
so man}* hopes and view the birth of new eras there, you are perhaps neglecting your best delights. For there, in 
your own historic halls, are your own children living upward to God, inspired by your best traditions, trained and 
guided by those to whom you have intrusted them; men and women of great hearts, powerful intellects, incor¬ 
ruptible souls, and compelling genius. 


Four 




EMMETT WOMACK 
My Father 


ELEANOR WRIGHT WOMACK 
My Mother 


To the past and the future 
this hook is dedicated 



MARTHA HINES 


MY GRANDCHILDREN 


FREDERICA HINES 











































FOREWORD 

S O CLOSELY woven into the history of Georgia is Milledgeville, the capital for over sixty years, that research can¬ 
not proceed far without halting at her door. Milledgeville claims her birth date as 1803 and her streets were laid 
off before the moccasin trail of the Indians grew cold. She built her first governor’s mansion out of logs from a 
primeval forest, and was the center of activity during the most tragic era of Georgia history. 

Lovely, quaint Savannah was the first capital, in 1733, and we speak of her as Georgia’s mother. We know that 
when Savannah fell into the hands of the British in 1779 that the legislative body moved to Augusta, and when this 
city was threatened and later taken by the enemy, this body met at Heard’s Fort in 1780, but went back to Augusta 
in 1781 when Augusta was re-captured by the Americans. The Revolution at an end in 1782, the capital was once more 
returned to Savannah, but much dissatisfaction was felt because it was not nearer the center of the state. So in 1783, 
the seat of government again went to Augusta. 

It was in 1791 while Augusta was still the capital, that George Washington visited Georgia, and three years be¬ 
fore, in 1788, Georgia had been admitted to the Union as the fourth state. 

In 1795 the capital w T as moved to Louisville. It was here that all papers connected with that disgraceful incident 
known as the Yazoo Fraud Act, which had been recinded by the Legislature, were burned with “fire from heaven” 
brought down with a magnifying glass. After the War Between the States, in 1868, the capital was moved to Atlanta. 

On the 11 of May, 1803, during a joint session of the Legislature, the General Assembly appointed a commission 
to select a site at the head of navigation of the Oconee river, suitable for a permanent capitol, this to be called Mill¬ 
edgeville in honor of John Milledge, then governor of Georgia. This commission was composed of the following mem¬ 
bers: General David Dickson, General John Clark, Lieutenant Howell Cobb, of Artillery in the Army of U. S., 
Major David Adams, and Major T. U. P. Charlton. 

This same commission had been empowered to draw plans for the new capitol and the following letter written by 
John Clark to Governor Milledge tells something of the matter and its progress. 


Governor John Milledge, Milledgeville, 27th, Sept. 1804. 

Louisville, Georgia 
Dear Sir: 

The business upon which I came here, we have found to be extremely troublesome. To do it with accuracy 
and to the best advantage required much time and labour. We have agreed on a plan and laid it to the 
ground; made reserves of three squares of sixteen acres each, which I think are eligible and well chosen. 

Say, one for a state house, one for the Governor’s residence and the other for a penitentiary or such other 
public purposes as the Legislature may please to apply them to. Two main streets of 120 feet wide; intended 
to front the State House; the lots laid off in squares of four acres, which are to be checked into acre lots, the 
other streets 100 feet wide. The surveyor is to finish laying off the lots and when he is done to report to me 
and I am instructed by the Commissioners to report to the Legislature. 

Since my arrival here I have had a severe bilious attack so much so as to be confined to my bed for eight 
or ten days; but being able to procure the constant attendance of a pretty good Physician I am now quite 
recovered and shall set out in the morning for Wilkes. I cannot ascribe any part of the cause of my indisposi¬ 
tion to this place. It is as well watered with good springs as any place I ever saw and every other appearance 
are in favor of its being a healthy situation. 

With much respect, I am 

Your Excellencys, 

Hble. Servant 

The Governor. John Clark. 

On December 12, 1804, the general assembly accepted the plans as presented bv the commissioners and made an¬ 
nouncement that Milledgeville W'as the capital of the state. It also appointed seven commissioners to sell lots in this 
new' capital, not over twenty, of one acre each. The money from the sale was to be used as a fund to erect a state- 
house for the general assembly. The members of this commission were: Howell Cobb, John Rutherford, Littleberry 
Bostwick, Archibald Devereaux, George M. Troup, John Harbert, and Oliver Porter. 

In a Louisville Gazette of Friday, October 9, 1807, a notice appeared that fifteen wagons left for Milledgeville 
the day before, carrying the treasury and public records of the state, escorted by a troupe of horses sent from Washing¬ 
ton for that purpose. 

Here Providence closed her eyes for a wink o’ sleep and allowed John Milledge to be elected to the United States 
Senate. He resigned the governorship to accept this new honor, and thus w r as not the first to occupy the Mansion in the 
capitol named for him, which spoiled a bit of pleasing sentiment. Jared Irwin, as president of the state senate, was 
elected to fill the unexpired term, so was this historic city’s first governor. 

Milledgeville was born a capital city in the fading light of an Indian war-dance; it died as a capital city in the 
fading light of a burning bridge as Sherman passed on. 

NELLE WOMACK HINES. 


Six 



THE BEAUTIFUL OCONEE RIVER 


FROM OCONEE TOWN-1540-To FORT WILKINSON-1802 


T RADITION says, and many historians agree, that a 
Spaniard by the name of De Soto, and his men, 
followed an Indian trail which wound in and out along 
the western banks of the beautiful Oconee River. This 
was in the year 1539-40, and it is further believed that 
the Indian town by the name of Cofaqui, where De Soto 
and his men were so royally entertained, was none other 
than Oconee Town so often mentioned in volumes deal¬ 
ing with Indian affairs. Further research has made it 
seem that without a doubt this village must have been 
located on the eastern bank of the Oconee River some 
six miles south of Milledgeville. The old maps place 
this village near Rock Landing, an Indian Council meet¬ 
ing place on the Oconee. In after years all goods brought 
up the river were unloaded at Rock Landing and carried 
by wagons to the places for which they were intended. 

In “Travels of 1773 through Georgia”, William 
Bartram told of having camped on the site of Oconee 
Town which had been deserted sixty years before. Gen¬ 
eral Benjamin Hawkins stated that just after the Yamasee 
outbreak in 1716, the tribes of Oconee Town moved to 
a place on the Chattahoochee, calling their new home 
Little Oconee in honor of the first one. 

It was at Rock Landing in 1789 that the wily Indian 
Chief, Alexander McGillivray, outwitted a distinguished 
commission sent to try to arrange a treaty. McGillivray 
wrote a friend afterward:—“do you not see my cause 
of triumph, in bringing those conquerers of the Old 
Masters of the New World, as they call themselves, to 


bend and supplicate for peace at the feet of the people 
who, shortly before, they despised and marked for de¬ 
struction ?” 

But the next year, 1790, General George Washington 
announced that a treaty had been signed in New York 
with Knox as the only commissioner representing the 
Lbfited States, and with McGillivray and twenty-three 
Indian Chiefs, for themselves and the entire Creek nation. 
In this treaty it was provided that the Creeks were to 
deliver to the United States Troops, stationed at Rock 
Landing, the white and negro prisoners held as captives 
by them and that at this Landing, the United States Com¬ 
missioners with a surveyor should meet the old Creek 
Chiefs who would mark the boundary of the lands ceded 
under the treaty of New York. 

In 1793 Fort Fidius was built on the Oconee a few 
miles south of where Milledgeville stands, and here was 
stationed the largest garrison of United States troops 
south of the Ohio. Two other Forts, commanded by Gen¬ 
eral Elijah Clark when he was striving to form a Trans- 
Oconee Republic, were also near Rock Landing: Fort 
Defiance and Fort Advance. 

From the site marked as Rock Landing, on the north¬ 
east bank of the Oconee River, going toward the rising 
sun there is a distinct trail from the water’s edge on 
through the forest. This “depression” is perhaps thirty 
feet wide and the absence of large trees in the “trail” 
seem to confirm the fact that it was made by the padding 
(Continued on Page Twenty) 


Seven 




LIILLEDGEYILLE A 3 PLAHMED FOR. THE CAPITOL OF 

GEORGIA. 

J)unr?Q +be odtnmisWio^ o-f Governor Jobr? Hi lie dee I 80 £-I 80 fe 


*Ici?yord Broirch-. 


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Capitol 

douart 



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Jacksora. ClarK J Jefferson Warren 

Tbivall Columbia Liberty Uayoe Clberf- Lir?co la. 



□ □□ 


ALL STREETS NAMED FOR ILLUSTRIOUS MEN 


ILLEDGEVILLE, which was laid off in 1803 to be- 
come the permanent capital of Georgia, probably has 
the distinction of being one of two cities thus moulded into 
shape for such a purpose, the other being our National 
Capital, Washington, D. C. 

It was about ten years after Washington City came into 
existence that the commissioners, mentioned in the fore¬ 
word of this book, undertook and succeeded in designing 
and laying off a plan for Milledgeville, and it was done 
in a masterly manner. 

All streets are straight and 100 feet wide with the ex¬ 
ception of two—which are 120 feet: Washington, named 
for the Father of our Country, and Jefferson, named for 
the President of the United States at the time Milledge¬ 
ville was established. 

There were nineteen streets in this original plan, all 
of them bearing names of illustrious men prominent in 
affairs of our country. Several years ago the names of 
ten streets which had been added, were changed in order 
to carry out the original plan of having them called for 
outstanding citizens of our nation, and to tie up with the 
splendid and unique idea of having the names of all 
streets in Milledgeville also names of counties in Georgia. 
These last ten were: Thomas, Charlton, Hall, Mitchell, 
Irwin, Gwinnett, Cobb, Habersham, Walton, and Pick¬ 


ens. Note the streets on map above and you will see that 
two of them are Columbia and Liberty. These were words 
heavy with meaning in 1803, as it was only twenty years 
after our country had secured her independence. 

Although John Clark stated in his report to Governor 
Milledge (see letter in foreword) that three squares had 
been provided for public purposes, it must have seemed 
advisable to add a fourth (marked cemetery square above) 
but then “reserved for public uses”. These four squares 
are in existence today as marked except, instead of “Peni¬ 
tentiary Square,” you will find on this twenty acres, build¬ 
ings belonging to the Georgia State College for Women, 
created by the Legislature in 1889, the first College of 
Georgia’s University System established for the educa¬ 
tion of women. The one marked “Government Square” 
now belongs to the Georgia State College for Women 
and is used as a recreation park. Notice how the crossed 
arrows in the center show with what care equal distances 
were established between the four reservations, and that 
these two streets in the exact center were named Liberty 
and Washington. 

In 1806, Dec. 8, an Act was passed by the Legislature 
in Louisville appointing the following persons commis¬ 
sioners of the town of Milledgeville: David Fluker, Jett 
Thomas, Uriah Thweat, John W. Devereaux and 


Eight 






















































SPRING THAT OWNS ITSELF—1804 


FURNISHED WATER FOR FIRST HOTEL 


Thompson Bird. They were to serve until the first Mon¬ 
day in January of 1808. 

In the minutes of the “commissioners” of Milledgeville 
in 1816 there was mention made of “an appropriation for 
the upkeep of four springs, Jarrett, Howard, Clark and 
Gray.” This leads one to agree that the finding of so many 
“wonderful flowing springs” may have had a great deal to 
do with the decision of the commission sent out to locate 
a spot suitable for the building of a new capital. These 
springs were near the Oconee, a navigable river, and the 
beauty of the place appealed to them. All must have had 
their weight. These springs exist today, and as was the 
case in 1803, an acre of ground is reserved around each 
spring in the name of the state. 

A picture of Howard Spring is shown with this article ; 
one of the springs which might be said to own itself. It 
is situated at the foot of a hill (east of the State House) 
on which one of the first hotels ever built in the new 
capital was located, “The Buffington House.” From this 
spring, this hotel and the people who lived near, secured 
water. Todaj', altho still flowing, and on one side there 
are a few bricks which show that it was once walled up 
to form a pool, it wends its way “far from the madding 
crowd,” reflecting the beauty of the boughs above, serenely 
content to furnish drink to a thirsty cow or any wander¬ 
ing animal that might happen upon it. 


Clark Spring furnishes water for a big swimming pool, 
while Gray Spring gave way to modern improvement 
when a highway was built across it. Jarrett Spring is 
now being improved. It is to be boxed up in proper style 
and will soon wear with dignity a tablet giving its his¬ 
tory. The water, which gushes out at the rate of many 
gallons a minute may furnish several pools for the kiddies 
of the town in the near future, for this is a plan which 
the City Fathers have under advisement. 

It was said there were twelve flowing springs when 
the commissioners selected this site for the capital, and 
this might well be true, but it seems that all of them 
were not named and probably w r ere not as large as the 
ones selected to be cared for. 

Proud of the plans which make the historic city of 
Milledgeville outstanding, one can but be grateful that 
those commissioners of the olden days did not follow the 
line of least resistance. We remember the story of the 
crooked trail “all bent askew,” made by a calf, used by 
a dog, followed by a bellweather leading a flock, and 
finally by a man. This trail became a path—the path a 
lane—the lane a village street, and at last the thorough¬ 
fare of a “renowned metropolis.” 

“And men two centuries and a half 
Trod in the footsteps of that calf." 


Nine 






ABRAHAM BALDWIN 



JOHN MILLEDGE 


W HEN the treaty of Fort Wilkinson in May of 1802 
gave to us the county in which Milledgeville was laid 
off, the University of Georgia, starting as Franklin Col¬ 
lege, opened its doors in September of the same year. In 
casting about for a name for this new county it must have 
seemed most fitting to select that of a man who is given 
credit for having done more to establish this seat of learn¬ 
ing than any other, Abraham Baldwin. In his Gazetteer of 
1829, Adiel Sherwood quotes from the Savannah Geor¬ 
gian which was presenting a history of the University: “as 
first established under the auspices of Abraham Baldwin.” 
Later, in this article, Sherwood says; “The two indi¬ 
viduals who were most active in founding this Institution 
and to whom the state is most indebted, are Abraham 
Baldwin and James Jackson. The memory of their names 
will ever be sweet to genius and the lovers of science.” 

To Abraham Baldwin also goes the credit for having 
written the charter for this, the first State University 
ever established. Baldwin came to Savannah in 1784 from 
his home in Guilford, Connecticut, at the age of thirty 
years. This move was the result of advice from General 
Nathaniel Greene, and when he had been a Georgian 
but three months Baldwin was elected to the Legislature 
from Chatham County. At the age of eighteen he had 
graduated from Yale (1772), and was a splendid mathe¬ 
matical and classical student. He served his Alma Mater 
first as a tutor, then as a professor, remaining at Yale 
until 1776, when he began the study of theology. He 
served as a chaplain in the Continental Army during the 
Revolutionary War and then began the study of law. 

The Legislature found Baldwin to be a leader worth 
following and most historians concede that the educational 
measure put through by that body in 1884, which was 
the foundation for a broad and liberal system of educa¬ 
tion and the beginning of our University, was born in 
his brain and carried out mainly through his talent, 
leadership and perseverance. Baldwin was chosen presi¬ 
dent of the body of trustees for Franklin College and 
held this place for fourteen years. 

Baldwin won new laurels as a Senator from Georgia. 
He was rigid in his adherence to the principles of good 
government, and possessed such powers of patience and 
tolerance, and even indulgence for the errors of judgment 
in others, that he won the confidence of all with whom 
(Continued on Page Twenty) 


I N 1800 when the Trustees of the University of Geor¬ 
gia were about to select the site on which this institu¬ 
tion was to be located, John Milledge was placed on a 
committee appointed to look into the matter. His generous 
spirit and keen appreciation of higher education; his 
intense love and loyalty to his state, led him to ask for 
the privilege of presenting the land selected for this pur¬ 
pose, which was about 500 acres. The chair of ancient 
languages was named for Milledge to show the apprecia¬ 
tion of the University, and a letter to him from President 
Meigs in 1808 contained these lines: 

“Your institution has taken strong root and will 
flourish; and I feel some degree of pride in reflecting that 
a century hence, when this nascent village shall embosom 
a thousand of the Georgia youths pursuing the paths of 
science, it will now and then be said you gave the land 
and I was on the forlorn hope.” 

John Milledge was born in Savannah in 1757, his an¬ 
cestors having come to Georgia with Oglethorpe. Young 
Milledge took advantage of every educational opportunity 
and at the beginning of the Revolution he was associated 
with the leading counselors of the king. But his patriotism 
made him lay down his ambition for personal achievement 
to become a very dare-devil in his loyal adventures. 

When only eighteen years of age (1775), as a member 
of a band known as the “Liberty Boys” or “Sons of 
Liberty,” he helped confiscate a large amount of gun¬ 
powder to be applied to purposes of war. A reward was 
offered by Governor Wright for the arrest of these “boys”, 
but they escaped. A few weeks after this gunpowder 
episode, Milledge and his young comrades went to the 
executive mansion and made the royal governor a prisoner 
in his own home, and with him, Chief Justice Stikes, and 
thus a king’s government in the colony was shaken. This 
event took place before the colony had pledged itself for 
the Revolution and doubtless had its weight in hastening 
such a step. 

In 1778 when the city of Savannah was taken by the 
British, Milledge and James Jackson escaped by crossing 
into South Carolina where friendless, penniless, bare¬ 
footed and hungry, they were arrested as spies and only 
a kind Providence saved them both to become governors 
of Georgia. At the age of twenty-three (1780) Milledge 
became the youngest attornej'-general Georgia ever had. 
(Continued on Page Twenty) 


Ten 






ZACHARIAH LAMAR SQUARE 


HISTORIC CEMETERY 

T N A quiet, peaceful spot, shaded with many trees, 
and made beautiful with shrubs and flowers, the his¬ 
toric cemetery of old Milledgeville is the last resting 
place of the high and the low. On the top of one of the 
old-fashioned tombs, built up at least two and a half 
feet above the ground, there is an inscription which tells 
that David Bradie Mitchell, twice governor of Geor¬ 
gia, lies beneath. He died in 1837, and on the tomb 
is “This stone is erected by the Legislature of Georgia.” 

So many names may be read on these old slabs which 
were closely identified with the history of our state 
during the sixty years when Milledgeville was its capi¬ 
tal, that it is almost like calling an illustrious roll. 
There is Augustin Harris, the first school commissioner 
for Baldwin, who came to Milledgeville about 1810; 
his son Judge Iverson Louis Harris, who rose high in 
his profession; Dr. Tomlinson Fort, famed for his 
“Practice of Medicine”, published in 1849; “Honest 
Jack Jones”, for many years Treasurer of the State of 
Georgia; General Jett Thomas, architect and builder 
of the old State Capitol; and a handsome monument 
erected by his old comrades of the 4th Georgia Volun¬ 
teers, to General George Doles, who was killed in ac¬ 
tion in 1864. 

In this cemetery one finds most unusual inscriptions, 
which tell unusual stories. One states: “Shot down by 
Federal Soldier^ on the 20th day of November, 1864, 
on the advance of General Sherman’s Army on Mil¬ 
ledgeville.” This was an Irishman, Patrick Kane, who 
was loyally guarding property on a big plantation ; 
another inscription tells of James D. Allaman, who 
died from the accidental discharge of a cannon at the 
funeral of General Jackson, and on the tomb are 
these words: “Honest, mirthful, and beloved, he ac¬ 
quired the title of ‘Crockett’. It lives with his memory.” 

Short and pathetic is the story this tells; “Andrew 
du Bourg and James de Launy, natives of France and 
soldiers of the Revolution.” 

By Legislative vote there were tablets erected to ten 
people in this burial ground, and on one of these in 
memory of Johnathan Lewis, legislator from Burke 
County, who died in 1831 are these lines: 

“A wit’s a feather and a chief’s a rod 
An honest man is the noblest work of God.” 


Another legislator’s grave is that of James Spaulding, grandson of the James Spaulding who came from Scotland in 1734 
and owned a home “Retreat Plantation” on St. Simon’s Island. Buried here is Charles du Bignon, whose grandfather 
with three other Frenchmen, purchased Jekyl Island in 1791, Charles becoming the husband of Seaton Grantland’s daugh¬ 
ter, Ann, known as “Old Miss”. 

On this page is shown the shaft erected on the square of Zachariah Lamar, whose daughter married Howell Cobb, 
governor in 1851; he was an uncle of L. Q. C. Lamar, secretary of the Interior in Cleveland’s cabinet, and Justice of 
the Supreme Court. The elder L. Q. C. Lamar sleeps in this historic place. 

The handsomest monument in the cemetery is the one erected on the lot of Benjamin Smith Jordan, who died in 1856. 
It is twenty feet high, and supports the life sized figure of a woman, is made of Carrara marble and was imported from 
Italy. The monument of Green Hill Jordan and wife, also imported from Italy, is regarded as an excellent example of 
Italian sculpture. 

In this quiet place lie the first two presidents of the Georgia State College for Women: Dr. J. Harris Chappell, and 
Dr. Marvin McIntyre Parks. Two noble men who gave their lives to the cause of education. 

In this cemetery was built the first church (Methodist) ever erected in Milledgeville, 1809, and a marker has been 
placed on the site. 

Some of the most beautiful examples of wrought iron fencing can be seen in this place. There is one in which the bal¬ 
usters are in the shape of oak branches, terminating in oak leaf and acorn design. —(Continued on page 20). 


Eleven 










OLD STATE HOUSE, 1807—COMPLETED 1837 


WHERE SECESSION ORDINANCE WAS PASSED 


I N ONE of Adiel Sherwood’s Gazetteers (1829) he 
says of the old State Capitol building: “The State 
House stands on an eminence, three-fourths of a mile 
from the river, exhibiting a tasteful appearance of Gothic 
architecture. In this are rooms for the Legislature during 
its sessions, the offices of the Governor, Secretary of 
State, Treasurer, Comptroller and Surveyor General, be¬ 
sides apartments for Clerks and Committees, and several 
fireproof rooms for public records. The Representative 
Hall is 60 by 54 feet, ornamented with full length por¬ 
traits of General Oglethorpe and La Fayette, and in the 
Senate Chamber with those of Washington and Jefferson. 
This building, with the wing erected in 1828, cost $115,- 
000. The cost of an excellent clock in the cupola was 
$1000.” 

As first used by the Legislature in 1807, the building 
did not have the two wings on the north and south, and 
it was not until about 1837 that the State House was en¬ 
tirely completed. It was built of brick with walls four 
feet thick. Note the difference in the cupolas in the two 
pictures, a fire destroying the one containing the clock 
of which Sherwood wrote. This was a great pity, and it 
is hoped that some day, the cupola will be restored as it 
was originally designed and built. The architects were 
Smart and Lane and the contract was let to Jett Thomas 
and John Scott. The building did not cost over $60,000 
as first erected, according to old records. It may be claimed 
that no where else in the world can there be found a 
more imposing picture than the one in which you see the 


State House through the old gates, located at the north 
and south entrances. 

During the years from 1807 to 1868, there gathered 
within these historic walls men who made their mark in 
life and whose speeches moulded public opinion. It was 
here that Forsyth and Berrien fought with their oratory 
for three days on the tariff issue (1832). John Forsyth 
had been congressman, senator, minister to Spain (through 
his negotiations the United States acquired the peninsula 
of Florida from Spain in 1819), governor (1827) and 
secretary of state (1834). John MacPherson Berrien, 
known as the American Cicero, occupied the bench of 
the eastern judicial circuit of Georgia, U. S. Senate, 
attorney general in Jackson’s cabinet (1829) and in 
1844 was chairman of the state convention and again the 
same in 1854. 

It was from this building that Governor George Mc¬ 
Intosh Troup defied the Federal Government upon the 
subject of state’s rights and brought it to terms (1823). 
Troup was twice governor—1823 and 1825; the last 
time gave him the distinction of being Georgia’s first 
governor elected by popular vote. In 1852 he was nomi¬ 
nated for president of the United States on the secession 
ticket put out by the State Rights Convention of Alabama. 

In the executive office of this building there hung a 
portrait of Oglethorpe examining a map of Georgia. May¬ 
be this picture inspired Governor Joseph E. Brown and 
helped him make up his mind to go to Savannah to see 
if the seizure of Fort Pulaski, the chief fortification on 


Twelve 































STATE HOUSE—1936 


ANCIENT GATES ON NORTH AND SOUTH 


the Georgia coast, was the wise step to take. Arriving in 
Savannah, he decided it was, since, in the event of war, 
this fort was a military necessity, and he officially issued 
an order to Colonel Alexander R. Lawton, of the first 
regiment of Georgia Volunteers, for the seizure—Jan. 
3, 1861. 

In this old building historians agree that the ablest body 
of men ever gathered together in Georgia met on the 16 
day of January, 1861 in the secession convention. The 
eyes of the nation were turned on Milledgeville at that 
time, for it was believed that the stand Georgia took upon 
the question of secession would be decisive. Already four 
states had severed the bond of the Union, South Carolina, 
Mississippi, Florida and Alabama. 

George W. Crawford, Governor of Georgia 1843-1847, 
was president of the convention, while Albert R. Lamar, 
a young journalist, was secretary. Robert Toombs, United 
States Senator, was the recognized leader of the secession 
element, and had with him T. R. R. Cobb, a lawyer, who 
had never entered politics, but who was responsible for 
the keynote of the convention ; “We can make better terms 
out of the Union than in it.” Eugenius A. Nesbit, ex-judge 
of the Supreme Court, and author of the ordinance of 
secession, Judge Augustus Reese, and Francis S. Bartow 
were among those supporting Toombs and Cobb. Op¬ 
posing secession there were men equally as well known, 
as able and as eloquent, such as the two Stephens brothers, 
Alexander and Linton; Hiram Warner, Ex-Governor 
Herschel V. Johnson and Benjamin H. Hill, who later 
was to carve his name in the national congress and senate 
as a statesman and orator. With this group there was Dr. 


Alexander Means, of Oxford, who had been president 
of Emory College, and is supposed to be the first man 
in the world to produce an electric light (1857). Gov¬ 
ernor Joe Brown and Ex-Governor Howell Cobb were 
invited to seats upon the floor. 

The secession act was passed on Jan. 19, 1861 at 
2 P. M., after the convention had been addressed by Hon. 
James L. Orr, commissioner from South Carolina, and 
Hon. John G. Shorter from Alabama. Nesbit introduced 
the resolution, Johnson and Stephens moved that a sub¬ 
stitute (written by Johnson) be used asking for further 
consideration, but Cobb’s keynote seemed to sway the 
convention and the substitute was killed. There was a 
resolution (made by Nesbit and adopted) that all mem¬ 
bers, including those who voted against it, should sign 
the ordinance as a pledge that they would stand behind 
the state in her hour of need! This was done Monday, 
Jan. 21, and six wrote above their signatures, a short 
explanation as to why they signed. 

In 1880 the old State House was converted into an 
educational plant, then known as the Middle Georgia 
Military and Agricultural College, as a part of the Uni¬ 
versity System. The name was changed to Georgia Mili¬ 
tary College in 1900. The presidents have been: Dr. W. 
S. Dudley, Dr. W. F. Cook, Professor O. M. Cone 
(acting president several times), Gen. D. H. Hill, J. 
Colton Lynes, J. C. Woodward, W. E. Reynolds, O. R. 
Horton, J. H. Marshburn, Kyle T. Alfriend, J. N. 
Haddock, E. T. Holmes, George S. Roach and Joseph 
H. Jenkins. 


Thirteen 





MASONIC HALL—1834 

BUILT BY LOTTERY AUTHORIZED BY LEGISLATURE 


I N 1827 Benevolent Lodge was No. 9 in the list of 
Georgia lodges. In December, 1829, the Grand Lodge 
Constitution was amended, and from that date this Lodge 
became No. 6, and was continued so until November 7, 
1838, when the number was changed to No. 3. It appears 
from the records that in 1827 there were two Blue Lodges 
in Milledgeville, Benevolent and Fraternal No. 20. In 
October, 1828, these by mutual agreement became merged 
into Benevolent. 

In November 1828, it was voted to undertake raising 
sufficient money by lottery to build a Masonic Hall in 
Milledgeville, and Brethren W. Y. Hansell, S. Grant- 
land, F. V. DeLaunay, I. S. Calhoun, Wm. Green, Leon¬ 
ard Perkins, B. F. Owens, and John Manning were ap¬ 
pointed as a committee to draft a bill authorizing this. 
Bro. R. K. Hines was added to this committee. 

The Lodge met at this time in the Darien Bank build¬ 
ing. The corner stone for the Masonic Hall was laid 
June 25, 1832 with very elaborate ceremonies by Most 
Worshipful Grand Master S. Rockwell, and the building 
was completed ready for occupancy in 1834. 

The records of this Lodge are obtainable only as far 
back as 1827. In the early years of Georgia Masonry it 
seems that perfect harmony and peace did not exist. There 
were at one time two Grand Lodges, with headquarters 
respectively at Milledgeville and Savannah. Finally, after 
much bitter rivalry, these two bodies ceased their strife 
and became one. 

Following is a list of Worshipful Masters and the years 
they served: 1827—John Miller; 1828—B. F. Owens; 
1829—F. V. DeLaunay; 1830—T. F. Greene; 1831- 
32—W. J. Davis; 1833—John A. Cuthbert; 1834— 
I. L. Harris; 1835—J. A. Cuthbert; 1836—F .V. De¬ 


Launay; 1837—E. H. Pierce; 1838—W. S. Rockwell; 
1839—-William S. Mitchell; 1840—J. W. L. Daniel; 
1841-42—W. S. Rockwell; 1843-44—George D. Case, 
Sr.; 1845-46—W. S. Rockwell; 1847-48—E. H. Pierce; 
1849—J. R. Cotting; 1850—P. Fair; 1851—E. S. 
Candler. On May 17th, by action of Lodge, the office 
was declared vacant, and Brother E. H. Pierce was 
elected to fill it. 1852-53—Arthur Hood; 1854-55-56- 
57—E. Trice; 1858-59-60—E. P. Watkins; 1861—B. B. 
de Graffenreid; 1862-63—H. J. G. Williams; 1864— 
B. B. de Graffenreid; 1865—T. J. Micklejohn; 1866— 
B. B. de Graffenreid; 1867-68-69—S. G. White; 1870— 
John M. Clark; 1871—J. C. Shea; 1872-73—I. H. 
Howard; 1874—A. Joseph; 1875—G. T. Weidenman; 
1876-77-78-79-80-81-82-83-84-85—A. Joseph; 1886-87- 
88—W. W. Lumpkin; 1889-90—L. H. Compton; 1891- 
92—George D. Case, Jr.; 1893-94—R- W. Roberts; 
1895-96—E. T. Ailing; 1897-98—J. E. Pottle; 1899— 
Richard N. Lamar; 1900—Richard N. Lamar; 1901— 
A. M. Jackson; 1902—A. M. Jackson; 1903—K. C. 
Bullard; 1904—Dr. T. M. Hall; 1905—J. E. Kidd; 
1906—J. F. Bell; 1907—John Conn; 1908—E. E. Bell; 
1909—H. S. Jones; 1910—Dr. Y. A. Little; 1911-12— 
M. S. Bell; 1913-14—T. J. Wall; 1915—Joseph A. 
Moore; 1916-17—Livingston Kenan; 1918—L. C. Wall; 
1919-20—L. M. Moore; 1921—Joseph A. Moore, 1922 
—K. T. Alfriend; 1923—F. H. Coleman; 1924—J. H. 
Holloway; 1925—W. D. Stembridge; 1926—E. B. 
Jackson; 1927—F. R. Hargrove; 1928—J. W. Riley; 
1929—W. H. Baumgartel; 1930—L. L. Beck; 1931— 
Geo. S. Davis; 1932—W. B. Wood; 1933—S. L. Stem- 
bridge; 1934—J. T. Andrews; 1935—J. L. Grant; 1936 
—J. T. McMullen. 


Fourteen 













LA FAYETTE’S VISIT—1825 


AA'JA'X X XXX X A'XX> 


*1 

is 


4 j THE Honor of X 
is requested at A BALL, 
arrival in Milled getntle. 

JOEL CRAWFORD. 
lVILLIAM TRIPLETT, 

SAMUEL BOYKIN, 

SAMUEL ROCKWELL, 

D. IE MITCHELL, 

GEORGE R. CLAYTON, 

. March ISO.';, 

. »w? vm r w *•?? .rv rrr'swit tt -.v 


*XX/ .Company 

(o be given General I.apayette, on /iis 


FARISH CARTER, 
F.VERARD HAMILTON, 
TOMLINSON FORT. 
THOMAS MITCHELL. 
CHARLES WILLIAMSON. 


WHEN GALLANT FRENCHMAN WAS GUEST OF NATION 


T HERE may be many who do not know that Gilbert 
Mottier, Marquis de La Fayette was a slender red- 
haired boy of nineteen and an officer in the French army, 
when he overheard a British subject boast that the 
“Mother Country” was about to give the Colonies “over 
here” a good whipping. He resigned his office in the 
French army, and offered himself for military service to 
our agent in France, Mr. Silas Deane, and was accepted. 
Fearing that his family and friends would interfere with 
his plans to fight for the oppressed Colonies, he purchased 
a vessel to bring him to our shore, arriving at Charleston 
in June, 1776 (according to Sherwood), and went im¬ 
mediately to congress to be sworn into service. Having the 
appearance of a mere lad, this body rejected his offer and 
it was only after La Fayette demanded that he be allowed 
to serve at his own expense and as a volunteer that they 
recognized his sincerity and he was granted a commission 
of major general. 

This “Apostle of Liberty” was at the Battle of Brandy¬ 
wine, where he was wounded, and later was with General 
Greene in New Jersey. He suffered at Valley Forge, and 
through his efforts expeditions were sent from France to 
help our cause. La Fayette was granted leave to return 
to France in October, 1778, and while there he secured 
the promise of six ships and 6,000 men. He was trusted 
by General Washington who often sought his advice. 
After his return to America, La Fayette was placed by 
Washington in command of the southern expedition 
against Cornwallis, and borrowed on his own credit $10,- 
000 to supply his men. Is it any wonder that the words 


said to have been spoken at his tomb in 1917 “La Fayette, 
we are here,” echoed in many American hearts? 

If such a sentiment was true in 1917, what must have 
been the feeling of our country when she learned in 1824 
that "the darling of the Revolution” was to come to the 
United States for a visit. Congress offered to send a 
national ship for his convenience, but this he declined, 
and arrived in New York in The Cadmus, August 15, 
1824. La Fayette visited almost every large city in the 
union and he was due to arrive in Milledgeville, the 
capital of Georgia in March, 1825. 

Never were there such plans made in historic Milledge¬ 
ville! La Fayette was met in Savannah by Governor 
Troup, March 19, who had already called upon Peter 
F. Jolliett, mayor of the city (then called Intendant), 
to help make plans for the noted visitor’s reception. A 
ball was to be given and all respectable persons were 
invited, the cost of tickets being $6.00. Cards of invita¬ 
tion were sent to “every lady who is entitled to receive 
one.” A photograph of one of these invitations appears 
above, and it was addressed to Miss Susan Johnson, a 
kinswoman of Mrs. Edward Napier of our city, who has 
it preserved in a scrap book. The two dresses worn by 
Miss Johnson and her mother to this ball, quaint “lavender 
and old lace” frocks, are also in Mrs. Napier’s possession. 

What a day for old Milledgeville when it finally ar¬ 
rived ! Beginning with the booming of cannon fired by 
Revolutionary veterans in La Fayette’s honor! He finally 
came riding into the city from Sparta escorted by General 
(Continued on page 24) 


Fifteen 



OLD DARIEN BANK—1818 


HOUSED MANY ENTERPRISES 


O NE of the most interesting of all the old buildings 
in Milledgeville is that one known as The Darien 
Bank, which was built about 1818, (by Griffin Parke, who 
owned it) as a branch of the Bank of Darien. During this 
year of 1936, old Darien Town celebrated her bicenten¬ 
nial. 

This building has served many purposes. There is no 
record of the exact years it was used for a bank building, 
but there is a record that the Masons used it in 1825 
when La Fayette came to Milledgeville on a visit, for 
here he was entertained by that Lodge. Records also prove 
that it was being used in 1827 by the Masons, and one 
might suppose it was their headquarters until the present 
Masonic Lodge was completed in 1834. 

It is also known, that the Old Darien was used as a 
plant for the printing of one of the newspapers of the 
old capital. The Federal Union established in 1825. This 
paper probably moved in after the Masons went to their 
new home. The Southern Recorder had come into exist¬ 
ence in 1820, and in the year 1872 these two papers con¬ 
solidated and took the name of The Union Recorder which 
is still published in this city. In 1927, this paper celebrated 
its one hundredth birthday with a centennial edition. 
When, in 1872, this consolidation came about, Jere Neu- 
ville Moore, the father of the present editor, Robert Boll¬ 
ing Moore, bought an interest in The Union Recorder, 
and from that day to this it has been in the Moore family. 


To what other use this stately old building was put 
may never be known, but we do find that once a private 
school taught by Miss Kate Davidson, who afterward 
married Dr. Sam G. White, was located in the eastern 
wing. 

The story is also told that the committee (headed by 
Eugenius Nesbit) who formed the ordinance of secession, 
held their meetings in this old building, thus tying it up 
with one of the most dramatic events of Georgia history. 

After the war the Old Darien was used as a family 
apartment house, and when the Middle Georgia and 
Agricultural College, afterward The Georgia Military 
College, was established in 1880, sometime later it was 
used as a barracks for the boys. 

Again it became a family apartment house, and not 
so many years ago served as a Tea Room. It is now 
known as The Darien Hotel. 

This splendid old building has outside walls which are 
at least two and a half feet thick, and where the deep 
casement windows are placed, three feet is a nearer esti¬ 
mate. Viewing it from the inside one can see where walls 
were placed in a later year to divide the huge rooms into 
smaller ones, but at either end are the two original stair¬ 
ways, winding up to the second floor. 

For one hundred and eighteen years it has withstood 
the sunshine and the storm, and still stanchly defies time 
and vicissitudes. 


Sixteen 







THALIAN HALL—1857 


WHERE SIDNEY LANIER ROOMED 


W HEN the thunder of the guns at Fort Sumter 
sounded through the South in April of 1861, it was 
the beginning of the end for Old Oglethorpe University, 
situated in Midway, two miles south of Milledgeville. At 
the call of their state, the students laid aside their books 
to shoulder muskets, and Oglethorpe knew them no more. 
Although the college kept its doors open for several years, 
the last exercises were held in 1862, some of the seniors 
who had gone to the war, being able to return to receive 
their degrees. 

Some years after the war, all the buildings but one 
were torn down and the material was sold to the state 
to be used for parts of the State Hospital, then known 
as The Asylum for the Insane. The wide stone steps of 
the main building, called Powell, are those which once 
belonged to Old Oglethorpe University. 

This University was chartered in the year 1835, the 
corner stone was laid in 1837 and the college opened for 
students in 1838. For two decades many youths of our 
land found food for both soul and mind as out of 317 
graduates, 72 embraced the holy calling of the church. 
Oglethorpe’s roll contained many names of men who dis¬ 
tinguished themselves in their respective callings. It had 
been organized as a manual training school, but was bought 
by the Presbyterian Church, represented by the Synods 
of Georgia, Florida and Alabama. Dr. Samuel K. I al- 
madge was the president. 


The only building now in existence that was once a 
part of Old Oglethorpe is Thalian Hall, built by the 
Thalia Society. It was used as a hospital during the War 
Between the States. 

The property on which this University stood came into 
the possession of Dr. H. D. Allen who founded Allen’s 
Invalid Home. In Thalian Hall there is a room which 
was once occupied by Sidney Lanier, when he was a stu¬ 
dent at Oglethorpe. This room bears a tablet on its door 
which reads: “Sidney Lanier Room, tablet placed in 
memory of Dr. Henry Dawson Allen, October 27, 1930.” 

In 1921 some workmen who were making an excava¬ 
tion, dug up the old corner stone of Oglethorpe Uni¬ 
versity building. Later, when the Daughters of the Amer¬ 
ican Revolution wished to erect a Memorial on the site 
of this University in honor of Mrs. H. D. Allen, they 
asked for the privilege of incorporating this corner stone 
in the Marker. This Memorial Marker stands near 
Thalian Hall, and has as a background a lovely rock 
garden, waterfall and pool, many of the stones used being 
those of the foundation of the old building. The home 
occupied by the Allen family stands on the site of the 
Talmadge residence and much of the furniture once owned 
by the president of Oglethorpe, is now in the possession 
of the Allens. 


Seventeen 














OLD MANSION—1838 


THE HOME OF EIGHT GEORGIA GOVERNORS 1838-1868 


B UT little was known until recently about the actual 
construction of the Old Mansion which housed eight 
of Georgia’s governors, and no record had been found 
concerning the architect. That so wonderful a piece of 
architecture should be admired and so little known about 
it, aroused the interest of some who redoubled their efforts 
during Georgia’s Bicentennial. A record was finally found 
in the state treasurer’s report, dated March 20, 1837: 
“John Pell, $100, for the best plan for a house for the 
residence of the governor, as approved by the committee.” 
And on April 19, 1837, an identical check was made out 
in the same manner and words to one, “C. B. McClus- 
key.” 

Pell or McCluskey? Does it matter? Which plan was 
chosen will probably never be known, but it was drawn 
by a master’s hand. Not so many years ago, it was sug¬ 
gested that the State of Georgia would do well to pattern 
a home for her governor after this old Mansion. One 
well known architect said of it; “You may find more 
elaborate carvings, wider paneling, a more beautiful dome 
—but you will not find a more perfect gem of architecture 
in the state.” 

It would be impossible to describe this old building; it 
needs to be seen. It is Greek revival with Ionic columns. 
The huge front door, at least eight feet in height, is 
paneled and hand carved, and its knob is silver plated. 
The great key might have been used for a castle door like 
the one in which lived the giant that chased Jack down the 
bean stalk. 


On entering the front door, which opens into a large 
square hall, three doors are seen. Facing the entrance one 
which leads into the rotunda, one on the right, into the 
parlor, and on the left, into the library. During the time 
when this building housed the governors, a salon, sixty 
feet long, was on the left; it is now two rooms with a 
hallway between. Some remember how this salon ap¬ 
peared, with its eight large windows, its two black 
Italian marble mantels, and two gold framed mirrors— 
ten feet tall and six feet wide—which hung on the east 
and west ends of the room. The mantels are there, but the 
mirrors are gone. The fireplaces have backs and sides 
made of cast bronze. 

In the parlor on the right, and in the library, are 
plaster decorations four feet in diameter in the center of 
the ceilings, from which hang imposing chandeliers. A 
door in the parlor leads into the hall from which two 
stairways run, one up to the second floor and one down 
into the basement. Behind this hall is the master bed 
room, in which, as in the parlor, there is a white Italian 
marble mantel. 

The rotunda is, of course, perfectly round, with four 
doors; the front entrance, one on either side leading into 
hallways, and one in the back into the octagonal room. 
The dome in the rotunda is fifty feet in heighth, decorated 
in gold, and furnishes the light for this room. There is a 
mezannine floor, running around the circular opening, 
which is outlined by balcony rails of mahogany. This 


Eighteen 























































MANSION—1936 


THE HOUSE OF COLLEGE PRESIDENTS, 1890-1936 


particular place is a joy and delight to the fortunate stu¬ 
dents who have rooms on this second floor of the Mansion, 
for from this place they may catch glimpses of the recep¬ 
tions which are frequently given by the president of the 
college and his wife. 

Behind the rotunda is the octagonal room, once used 
for a parlor, and now a living room. 

The draperies throughout the down stairs are of heavy 
material in a deep, rich wine, with a tracery of gold 
giving a brocaded effect. Many efforts have been made 
by those who have occupied the Mansion during the years 
it has been used as a home for the presidents of the Geor¬ 
gia State College for Women, to secure some of the 
original furnishings, but with no success. But such pieces 
of furniture as have been placed, have been selected with 
the greatest care to conform with the times when Geor¬ 
gia’s Executive used the Mansion for a home. 

It was in December, 1835, according to a Senate Jour¬ 
nal of that date, that a resolution was offered by David 
Rees of Jasper County that the old government house be 
torn down and replaced by one more suitable for the 
governor’s occupation. A committee of four other senators 
was appointed to select a site, agree upon a plan, con¬ 
tract for and superintend the building of a mansion. The 
members, besides Mr. Rees, were: William C. Dawson 
of Greene County, George W. Murry, Benjamin S. 
Jordan and Augustus Kenan, all of Baldwin. At this 
time $15,000.00 was set aside, but in 1836 another sum 


of equal amount was appropriated, and two more men 
were added to the committee; Hammond of Gray, and 
Judge Iverson Harris of Baldwin, grandfather of the 
Halls, Harris’ and Andrews now living in Milledgeville. 
In 1837 another sum, $20,000.00 was added and $5,- 
000.00 for furnishings. The committee was also to build 
out-houses and “rail in the lot.” 

Above the big front door, deeply cut into the granite, 
are the words: “Executive Mansion” and the date, 1838. 
A bronze marker reads; “The Daughters of the American 
Revolution place here this Memorial that Georgians may 
be forever reminded of the Great Men who, as Governors 
of our Sovereign State in the Critical Years of her His¬ 
tory DAvelt within these Walls.” The governors’ names 
are: George R. Gilmer, 1837-39; Charles J. McDonald, 
1839-43; George W. Crawford, 1843-47; George W. 
Towns, 1847-51; Howell Cobb, 1851-53; Herscbel V. 
Johnson, 1853-57; Joseph E. Brown, 1857-63; Charles 
J. Jenkins, 1865. 

Unusual tales were told about this old building, one 
of an underground passage leading to the Old State 
House, but it was never found. Another was of a secret 
stairway, but this proved to be stairs which ran up from 
the basement for the convenience of the servants. But we 
do know there was a cat hole—in the north basement 
door. It has been stopped up, and no one knows which 
Mistress of the Mansion loved cats. 


Nineteen 






1540-1802 

(Continued from Page Seven) 

of the moccasined feet of millions of our Red Brothers 
on their way to and from Rock Landing and Oconee 
1 own, less than a mile to the east. 

On a plateau, within a stone’s throw of the Oconee, 
hut high enough to escape an overflow, once stood the 
Indian village believed to be Oconee Town. It is sur¬ 
rounded by trees on three sides and two large springs 
are near. After all these years, visitors are able to pick 
up any number of souvenirs in the way of broken pottery. 

Dr. A. R. Kelly, the Smithsonian archaeologist at the 
Macon Indian Mounds, visited and trenched this field 
and states that the Hitchiti Indians preceded the Creeks 
at this village, just as it was at the Macon Mounds; and 
since no trade beads were found, it evidently existed 
before the coming of European traders. 

Near this site, on a plantation known as Indian Island 
Farm and Ranch, owned by John Shinholser, there are 
many Indian Mounds from which valuable relics have 
been secured and which now repose in the Hay Founda¬ 
tion for Preservation of Indian Relics, in New York City. 

In 1797, the Federal Government secured permission 
of the Indians to build Fort Wilkinson a few miles north 
of Fort Fidius, and at its completion, the garrison from 
the last named Fort moved in, and a trading store for 
the Indians was opened. 

Benjamin Hawkins, then a Federal Agent, hoped to 
convince the Indians that the white man was a friend. 
He introduced the plow, and helped them make their 
crops. Cows and hogs were provided, and gradually a 
change was made in the Indian’s mode of living, and they 
became more and more dependent upon the things the 
trading post provided. 

President Thomas Jefferson decided the time was ripe 
for another treaty so “a talk” was set for May, 1802, at 
Fort Wilkinson. Great preparations were made for the 
entertainment of the Indians who began to arrive early 
in the month. Soon thirty-two towns were represented and 
the commissioners moved out and encamped there. 

Efau Haujo, who was a disciple of McGillivray, was 
chief speaker for his people and proved himself skilled 
in the art. There was much ceremony, beginning May 
23, which lasted until June 1. Adjournment was made 
June 8, but on the 16, the treaty was signed with three 
commissioners and forty chiefs and warriors. The com¬ 
missioners representing the American Government were: 
General James Wilkinson, of Maryland, Benjamin Haw¬ 
kins of North Carolina, and Andrew Pickens of South 
Carolina. This treaty was ratified January 11, 1803, and 
from the land obtained the counties of Baldwin, Wilkin¬ 
son, and Wayne were formed. 

In 1807 five new counties were made out of parts of 
Baldwin and Wilkinson; Morgan, Randolph, Jones, Put¬ 
nam, and Telfair. It was also enacted that the “counties 
of Green, Morgan, Baldwin, Wilkinson, Laurens, and 
Telfair shall form a judicial circuit to be called and 
known by the name of Ocmulgee circuit.” Also parts of 
Washington and Hancock counties petitioned the Legisla¬ 
ture to be added to the county of Baldwin about this time. 

Fort Wilkinson is a beautiful spot which for many 
years has been a picnic ground for young folks. Closed 
eyes and a little imagination can help one reconstruct the 
scene of long ago when the big “talk” in 1802 gave us the 
land for our beloved county. 


ABRAHAM BALDWIN 

(Continued from Page Ten) 

he came in contact for his manly attitude and considera¬ 
tion. 

Baldwin never married. When his father died in 1785, 
he took over the indebtedness of the estate and educated 
his orphan sisters and brothers. He also assisted many 
a young man to acquire an education and find a place in 
life. He died “in harness” in Washington City, March 4, 
1807, and history records that seldom had there been such 
a demonstration of regret for the passing of one of the 
country’s great men. He was laid away in the Con¬ 
gressional Burial Grounds beside the body of his great 
friend and former colleague, General James Jackson who 
had died one year before. 

JOHN MILLEDGE 

(Continued from Page Ten) 

He went to the Legislature and was elected to the second 
congress to succeed Anthony Wayne, then to the fourth, 
fifth and seventh. 

In 1802 Milledge was again thrown with his old 
“Liberty Boy” comrade James Jackson and university 
associate Abraham Baldwin, these three having been ap¬ 
pointed as commissioners for ceding to the United States 
government certain portions of the territory of Georgia. 
In 1802 Milledge resigned from congress to become Gov¬ 
ernor of Georgia, and in 1806 resigned the governorship 
to fill a vacancy in the United States Senate caused by 
the death of his friend, James Jackson. 

Milledge married a Miss Galphin, daughter of George 
Galphin, and in 1809 resigned from the LTnited States 
Senate to retire at the age of fifty-two. He lived the rest 
of his life on his plantation on Sand Hills, Augusta, 
dying in 1818. 

HISTORIC CEMETERY 

(Continued from page 11) 

There are many unusual trees here, several families hav¬ 
ing secured from the Old World special ones which ap¬ 
pealed to them, to place where their dear ones rested. There 
are several Norway Spruce, Chinese Yew and also Italian 
Cypress, but not the variety we know. A most unusual 
story is told of a water oak acorn planted on a grave at 
the request of the one buried, this being done by a dear 
friend. Today the tree stands with its branches spreading 
out to shelter all graves in that square. In this grave was 
buried Dr. Benjamin Aspinwall White, who did not want 
a monument, and planting the tree was Colonel John 
Sherrod Thomas, who sleeps not far from his friend’s grave. 

There are many graves of Confederate Soldiers, always 
remembered on our Memorial Day. There are three walled 
enclosures where those of Jewish faith were buried, the 
plot set aside and hallowed by the Rabbi. There are many 
curious old vaults, about which uncanny stories are told, 
in one of them a body was supposed to be petrified. One 
body was shipped here in a cast iron coffin shaped like a 
mummy case, was made in two halves and hinged, the other 
side locking with a padlock. 

The recently organized “Town Committee” of the 
Georgia Society of the Colonial Dames of America have 
taken as their work for this year, the indexing of all names 
of the dead, the copying of all inscriptions and epitaphs, 
and the making of a map of the entire cemetery. 


Twenty 



& *5tC 




MILLEDGEVILLE STATE HOSPITAL—1842 


WHERE OVER SIX THOUSAND UNFORTUNATES ARE HOUSED 


T HE Milledgeville State Hospital, often spoke of as 
Georgia’s “greatest charity”, was established under the 
name of The Lunatic Asylum of the State of Georgia the 
act being passed by the Legislature in December, 1837. 
The site was soon selected two miles south of the city of 
Milledgeville, forty acres of land purchased, and a plan 
for the building adopted. In 1841, an act to organize this 
institution was passed, and appropriations made to com¬ 
plete the building and purchase the furnishings. The 
government was invested in a Board of Trustees (three) 
to be appointed bi-annually, and commissioned by the Gov¬ 
ernor. This Board was to appoint all officers and prescribe 
rules and regulations. The officers were to be a Superin¬ 
tendent, Assistant Physician, Treasurer, Steward, Assist¬ 
ant Steward, Matron and Assistant. 

After spending about $45,000.00, one of the wings was 
completed and opened for patients, November 1st, 1842. 
The first year, ten patients were admitted, and through 
the year 1844, there had been thirty-three since its open¬ 
ing. The men who were responsible for urging the State 
Legislature to pass an act to establish this greatly needed 
institution are mentioned as Dr. Tomlinson Fort, Judge 
Iverson Harris, Hon. Augustus Kenan, and Dr. Thomas 
Fitzgerald Green, who afterward served more than thir¬ 
ty years as its superintendent. 


The following men were superintendents of this Institu¬ 
tion: David Cooper, 1845-1846; Thomas Fitzgerald 
Green, 1846-1879; Dr. Theophilus Orgain Powell, 1879- 
1907; Loderick M. Jones, 1907-1922; Roger C. Swint, 
1923 - 1935 ; John W. Oden, January, 1935. 

It is a far cry from the year 1846, when it was re¬ 
ported to the Trustees that there were sixty-seven patients, 
no water works, meager lighting facilities, and the in¬ 
stitution on the level of a prison poor-house where the in¬ 
sane, idiotic and epileptic of the state were confined, to the 
modernly equipped and splendidly managed institution of 
the present day. 

The pastors of the four churches of Milledgeville are 
employed, rotating month by month, to hold services each 
Sunday afternoon in the chapel. There is Sunday School 
every Saturday morning. There is a recreation hall where 
dances are held twice weekly: two nights each week there 
are motion pictures presented, and a professional instructor 
is in charge of the Occupational Therapy which gives 
many patients a chance to have something to occupy his or 
her mind and hands. There are games and out door sports 
offered at stated times and a weekly newspaper is put out 
with every member of the staff a patient. 

There are 6,789 patients housed and cared for in this 
wonderful institution at the present time. 


Twenty-One 
























"OLD MISS" 

LD MISS. . . . Where, except in the deep South, 
V/ would these words have meaning? What pictures 
do they bring to your mind? A grove of primeval trees; 
a Colonial home, alive with the interests of “befo de 
war” times; a huge back yard . . . barns for the stock 
. . . out houses filled with equipment necessary to carry 
on the work of a big plantation. Then . . . the slave 
quarters, where lived those faithful souls whose chief 
delight was to care for “Master and Old Miss.” 

Such a home was “Woodville”, in Scottsboro, several 
miles south of Milledgeville, with its 5,000 acres of 
land. It was to this beautiful home that Seaton Grant- 
land brought his three children from Virginia in 1823 
—after having lost his young wife. 

It was in 1809 that he and his brother Fleming 
established a newspaper in Milledgeville, The Georgia 
Journal. In 1820, Mr. Grantland and R. M. Orme 
were responsible for The Southern Recorder. Mr. 
Grantland was married to Nancy Tinsley, a Virginia 
girl, and at the home of her great-grandfather, Colonel 
Thomas Garland Tinsley, Anne was born in 1823. At 
her mother’s death, when the baby was six weeks old, 
little Anne, in the arms of her nurse, was brought to 
Georgia. Her brother (Fleming) and sister (Susan) 
came with her to the new home “Woodville’, which 
her father had bought from that fiery and dramatic 
figure of Georgia history, Governor John Clark, who 
had built the house. 

Anne and her sister Susan, attended a fashionable school 
in Philadelphia, and their father brought to “Woodville” 
another Virginia girl, Catherine Dabney, as his wife. She 
was greatly beloved by the children, and at her death, 
Anne became the mistress of her father’s home. Susan 
married David J. Bailey of Griffin, and Fleming—edu¬ 
cated abroad as a physician—died at the age of 36. 

Being a leader in the political life of the state capital, 
Mr. Grantland’s home was the gathering place for the 
aristocracy of the state. Anne presided at these enter¬ 
tainments and dinners, and some of the handsome ban¬ 
quet clothes used at that time are still in the possession of 
Mr. Grantland’s great-granddaughter, Mrs. Robert C. 
Alston, of Atlanta, who named her home on Andrews 
Drive, “Woodville”. 

In 1844, Anne married a handsome and gallant gentle¬ 
man, Charles duBignon, of Jekyl Island; at this time he 
was a member of the State Legislature. His grandfather, 
and two other gentlemen, had purchased Sapelo Island, 
Mr. duBignon owning the south end where the Coffin’s 
home now stands. Later Mr. duBignon purchased Jekyl 
Island, which remained in the family until sold to a New 
York corporation as a setting for a club house. 

Only by relating various happenings in the life of Mrs. 
duBignon, could one hope to make clear the type of south¬ 
ern womanhood of the “old school” which she represented. 
Brilliant in conversation, with a ready wit, a keen sense 
of humor and a heart that never wearied in extending 
sympathy, “Old Miss’ ” hands always found something to 
do for others. On the altar of St. Stephens Church in 
Milledgeville, of which she was a devoted member, stand 
six candlesticks, given by her granddaughters in her 
memory. 

In politics, “Old Miss” never sat on the fence. About 
her plantation lived the “pineywood folks” whom she be- 



“OLD MISS”, MRS. ANNE V. duBIGNON 
A Gentlewoman of the Old South 


friended. To know how she stood on an issue was all they 
needed when voting time came. Her darkies had such faith 
in her power to adjust all things, that Lumpkin, her wood¬ 
cutter (who boasted of having once shaken hands with 
John L. Sullivan) went to a prominent judge in Milledge¬ 
ville, greatly disturbed about the Spanish-American War. 
“Judge,” he said, “why don’t ‘Old Miss’ and President 
McKinley stop dis here war?” 

Mrs. duBignon was always greatly interested in all 
matters pertaining to her town, county and state. Once, 
when a candidate for governor spoke at the Courthouse, 
she was not only the one woman present, but was seated 
on the stage. So when the candidate began his speech he 
said, “Mrs. duBignon, and gentlemen.” 

The welfare of the State Asylum was dear to “Old 
Miss’ ” heart. Each year, when the trustees were in session, 
she was an honored guest and always went in to dinner 
on the governor’s arm. Not only in Milledgeville, but all 
over the state, she was known as “Old Miss”. An affable 
rector of St. Stephens once said. “They tell me it isn’t 
dignified for me to address you as ‘Old Miss’ ” to which 
she quickly replied, “Well, if the Bishop can—then you 
can.” 

Mrs. duBignon was fond of mixing with her friends, 
and once, when she attended a reception at the Mansion 
a few years before her death, she arrived early, wearing 
a cap similar to the one in the picture heading this article. 
A new maid met her at the door, ushered her in and re¬ 
tired quickly to whisper to the hostess; “Come on quick! 
Queen Victory is done got here.” 

In 1886, when her father died, Mrs. duBignon took 
entire charge of the big plantation. “Old Miss” had five 

(Continued on page 24) 


Twenty-Two 














MRS. ANNA MARIA GREEN COOK 
She Kept a Diary for Seventy Years 


"LITTLE MRS. COOK” 

“r\EAR Little Mrs. Cook”, is the way she was spoken 
of by her friends. She was just as high as your 
heart; quaint and old fashioned, with her white neck¬ 
piece fastened with an “old-timey” pin. Her eyes were full 
of sparkles and her lips full of smiles, even until the day 
she went away, early in 1936, in her 91st year. 

Little Mrs. Cook counted her friends by the hundreds, 
and she could entertain a company with tales of before- 
the-war, or enter discussions of things pertaining to mod¬ 
ern times with equal ease. She taught Sunday School for 
over thirty years in a little chapel almost across the road 
from her home, and she never missed any service of the 
Methodist church in Milledgeville unless she was ill. 

“Tony was as good a Methodist as I”, she would 
smilingly say to her friends, for Tony was the horse which 
she drove to and fro many, many years. He was baptized 
many times (in the rain) waiting for his mistress to come 
Gut from a service, and if left too long anywhere in the 
town, he would calmly turn around and go take his stand 
at his accustomed place at the church—where they could 
always find him. 

When sixteen years of age, Anna Maria Green started 
her diary which she kept for over seventy years. The first 
entry was: 

“Midway, January I, 1861. This night, the first of the 
year, I commence my journal and I desire to make it 
profitable as well as pleasant.” And on the next day, this 
entry was made:” January 2, 1861 : The delegates to the 
convention (secession) were elected, the candidates were 
Dr. Sam White, Mr. Gus Kenan and Mr. Brisco. Dr. 
White was an independent secession candidate.” 


After the Christmas holidays, young Anna Maria 
went off to attend the Southern Masonic Female Col¬ 
lege in Covington, Ga., where she graduated with first 
honor. So the next entry was dated Covington and read 
thus: “Hurrah! Georgia has seceded! Last Wednes¬ 
day, and the ordinance goes into effect Saturday. 

“Did you go to the State House and listen to the 
speeches.''” she was frequently asked, and she would an¬ 
swer quickly, “Every time I had a chance. They knew 
how to speak in those days; they were truly silver- 
tongued orators, especially Stephens and Toombs.” 

Mrs. Cook often told of how the girls made their 
own shoes during the war, “out of enamel cloth, you 
know—oil cloth. And we made our hats out of long 
leaf pine and dresses out of home-spun and trimmed 
them with blue braid and red buttons.” 

Little sentences quoted from her diary give an in¬ 
sight into her girlish heart: “I think my besetting sin is 
talking too much. It gives me much uneasiness and in¬ 
convenience. ... I wonder if I shall ever meet the beau 
ideal of my fancy?” And this last she did, in the person 
of Samuel Austin Cook, of Albany, a man of rare 
talents, a writer and a musician. 

“We were married in April, 1869, and went honey¬ 
mooning until October,” she would say. “There were 
no automobiles and air planes, so it took a long time, 
but I got tired and wanted to come home.” 

Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cook, only 
three of them living today, Mrs. Addie Proctor, Ansel 
Brewster Cook and Miss Callie Cook, all still here in 
Milledgeville and Midway, the old home. 

For sixty years little Mrs. Cook lived at this Colonial 
home at Midway, near the site of old Oglethorpe Uni¬ 
versity. She remembered Dr. James Woodrow, uncle of 
Woodrow Wilson, who was a professor in the college. 
“When I was about six, Dr. Woodrow visited the home 
where I had my music lessons, and I often sat on his 
knee.” 

An entry in the diary dated April 25, 1864 reads: “We 
are continually expecting the appearance of the enemy. 
Sunday brought confirmation of the rumors of Lee’s 
surrender. Grant refused to accept his offered sword, 
saying ‘General Lee, you have won it by your gallantry; 
you are not conquered, but overwhelmed by numbers’.” 

Another entry tells of the assassination of Lincoln, 
and dated November 19, 1864 is this entry: “Again we 
are in a state of excitement. Governor Brown has ordered 
the evacuation of Milledgeville. I have been looking at 
a fire in the west—my hearts sinks.” 

Later Mrs. Cook wrote an account of that awful day 
when the people left their homes fleeing before Sherman’s 
army. She relates how Sherman sent four soldiers, on re¬ 
quest, to guard the State Asylum, her home, where her 
father, Dr. Thomas Fitzgerald Green was superintendent 
for over thirty years. 

“They were nice boys, but my sister and I used to 
sing songs like Dixie and The Bonnie Blue Flag, just 
to tease them.” 

Dr. William Montgomery Green, Mrs. Cook’s grand¬ 
father, came from Ireland, and was a graduate of Trinity 
College, Dublin. He once refused a seat in the English 
Parliament because he said he wished no favors from a 
country which oppressed his own. 

(Continued on page 24) 


Twenty-Three 


LaFAYETTE'S VISIT 

(Continued from page 15) 

Abercrombie and staff, the Hancock Cavalry commanded 
by Captain Staples, and a committee from Milledgeville 
led by the Marshals of the day, John S. Thomas and 
R. H. L. Buckhanan. 

What a scene this must have been! Coaches and four 
with liveried attendants, “young bloods” astride their 
handsome steeds, military companies in bright uniforms, 
beautiful women riding with distinguished and courtly 
escorts, laughing children, cheering crowds, bands play¬ 
ing, wide-eyed negroes on the out-skirts with faces in a 
broad grin; the Governor and his staff, and General La 
Fayette himself in a “barouche” drawn by four beautiful 
bay horses, riding between lines of old and young, rich 
and poor, black and white, all smiling, shouting, and 
cheering. 

When La Fayette reached the “government house” 
where he was lodged, he walked through lines of dainty 
little girls who scattered flowers in his path murmuring 
“Welcome, La Fayette.” One of these flower girls, little 
Camilla Sanford, grew into a beautiful woman, and 
married young Robert McComb. Her picture taken from 
a medallion bearing her likeness at the time of her mar¬ 
riage appears at the beginning of this article. 

As this was Sunday when La Fayette arrived, he at¬ 
tended church and received visits from his friends. The 
next day a reception was given him by the Masons, and 
later, accompanied by them, all in full regalia, and es¬ 
corted by the military companies, he went to the State 
House where speeches were made to which the General 
responded brilliantly. At three o’clock a barbecue was 
served on the State House grounds for all guests and an 
old newspaper stated: “During the repast a balloon was 
raised. The day being calm, the ascent was fine.” Col. 
Seaborn Jones was toast-master and led off with one to 
La Fayette whom he called “The Apostle of Liberty”, and 
the General responded by offering one “To the Georgia 
Volunteers—the worthy sons of my Revolutionary breth¬ 
ren.” The people cheered, the band played “Hail to the 
Chief” and the cannon roared. 

The ball that evening was declared to be the most 
brilliant ever seen by those who attended. It was held 
in the hall of representatives and the senate chamber of 
the State House, the entire capitol having been wonder¬ 
fully decorated. In large letters across one end of the hall 
were the words: “Welcome, La Fayette, Defender of 
our Country, Welcome!” After the General’s march 
around the room, dancing commenced. A rumor that has 
floated down the decades is that one beautiful young lady, 
desirous of something more than had been accorded the 
other ladies, asked the Frenchman for a kiss. It was not 
recorded with what words the General rebuked her, but 
even had they been ever so gentle they must have brought 
a flame of mortification to her face. 

La Fayette left the next day for Macon to continue 
his trip which lasted twelve months during which time 
he visited twenty-four of the states which were members 
of our union then. 

A marker to commemorate this occasion stands on the 
old State House grounds, placed there in 1925 by the 
Daughter’s of the American Revolution, one hundred 
years after that famous visit. 


"OLD MISS" 

(Continued from page 23) 

children: Charles, who came home from France to enlist 
in the War Between the States, and died in the war; 
Catherine, who married General Gilbert Moxley Sorrel, 
of Savannah; Seaton, who died before he was thirty; 
Christophe Poullaine, known as Dixie, who died several 
years ago, and Fleming, who married Caro Nicoll Lamar 
of Savannah. There were four grandchildren, all children 
of her son Fleming: Caro Lamar, wife of Robert C. 
Alston and Anne Grantland, both of Atlanta; Charles, 
who lives in Miami and who has tw r o children, Caro 
Lamar now Mrs. Gordon Dudley of Athens, and Fleming 
Grantland duBignon (of Miami) who has one child, 
Sarah Lamar: May, the fourth grandchild married W. 
C. A. Henry of Wilmington, Delaware, and has two 
children—a son, W. C., Jr., and Caro duBignon who 
married Albert Howell, Jr., of Atlanta. 

In December of 1909, two weeks after the death of 
her beloved son, Fleming, “Old Miss” passed away, at 
the age of eighty-six, and sleeps beside her husband and 
her boys in Milledgeville’s historic cemetery. “Aunt 
Becky”, her cook, sorrowing for her mistress, survived 
her only a few weeks, “ ‘Old Miss’ is gone—all is gone,” 
she wept, and had no further interest in life. 

This historic Grantland home now belongs to Mr. W. 
B. Richardson, a successful farmer and planter, born and 
reared in Baldwin County. 


"LITTLE MRS. COOK" 

(Continued from page 23) 

Mrs. Cook loved her home. She lived over the days 
when the beautiful yard blossomed with jasamine, althea, 
crepe myrtle, white syringa and purple lilac, and there 
were seven tall pine trees. She once said: “I wanted to 
name our place ‘Whispering Pines’, but it looks more 
like a ‘Tangled Wildwood’ now.” 

“I am a great ‘jiner’,” she told a visitor: “I belong to 
my church, Sunday School, Missionary Society, the D. 
A. R. and U. D. C. and the W. C. T. U., and Woman’s 
Club and the Garden Club, and I do love them all.” 

When in her eightieth year Mrs. Cook published a 
History of Baldwin County, dedicated to the Daughter’s 
of the American Revolution. She would laugh and say 
she was not through, she still had to write another book: 
“The Mishaps of Anna Maria,” which would contain 
memoirs of her absent-mindedness. 

Dear little Mrs. Cook! How she loved her friends, 
they loved her, and how she loved life! So much could 
be said of her goodness, her gentleness, her thoughtful¬ 
ness of all around her, but to say much of those attributes 
would be like saying her eyes were brown; it was a part 
of her. From first to last she was faithful in all things, 
even from that date in her diary at the age of sixteen 
when she wrote, “I have read nothing but my Bible all 
day.” 


Twenty-Four 



D> ■ess, lace and shawl; china, silver, glass; all were in existence in 
the sixteen-hundreds. Treasures of Miss Katherine Scott and Misses 
Jeanie and Katherine Jewell. Posed by Frances Hines Burnett in the 
home of Mr. and Mrs. William Rives. 


♦ 



They arc not jewels, gold or stone. 

They are not things, but thoughts of 
things; 

Deep thoughts of times when dear ones 

Touched them; 

And a sacredness is theirs. 

There come faint longings 
For zve knozv not what; 

We close our eyes and dream. 

Vague memories of a past zve did not 
know 

Float gently by and leave 
A fragrance. 

Treasures. 


♦ 


"ONCE UPON A TIME” 


O NCE upon a time”, our grandmothers would begin—and all the children would still their laughter and gather 
about her in the firelight; they knew that meant a story. Their eyes would grow round and eager in the wonder of lis¬ 
tening about what grandmother’s grandmother used to do. They loved to hear of old Uncle Josh, the coachman, who man¬ 
aged his horses so skillfully; of the marvelous cookies that old Aunt Sucky Ann could bake; and how the little black 
pickaninnies would dance in the moonlight before the cabin doors. They wanted to hear about the Christmas parties giv¬ 
en in the “big house” when all the sons and daughters came home and brought their children for the festivities. And 
oh ! the beautiful dresses and lovely jewels that Aunt Susan Margaret wore to the balls at the Governor’s Mansion! 
Then their eyes would grow big and shivers of terrible delight would creep up and down their spines to hear how 
near their great-great-great-grandfather came to being scalped. 

We are all children, and we love to know of the treasures which are still in many of the homes of our Old Capi¬ 
tal ; treasures which have been locked away for years and years; treasures which may be valueless from the standpoint of 
monied worth, but oh how priceless because of the richness of their history and stories connected with them; stories which 
still have the power to make us hold our breath—and dream. 


Twenty-Five 




























The lovely lady in the mirror (page 25) wears a rose, 
hand-woven silken gown which belonged—in 1685—to 
Dame Katherine Whiteley—great-grandmother of Miss 
Katherine Scott of Milledgeville. The silver tea-pot, seen 
on the table, also belonged to Dame Whiteley. A child’s 
dress made of tamboured muslin was worn by her about 
1798, and is still in a wonderful state of preservation. 
Miss Scott also has a piece of tapestry which belonged to 
Governor Bradford, which was woven in the early six¬ 
teen-hundreds. 

In the picture a Paisley shawl of this same period is seen. 
Two pieces of glasswear—one a salt cellar, made in Amer¬ 
ica (about 1640) and a small illuminated glass which was 
brought over on the Good Ship Lion in 1631. These be¬ 
longed to the ancestors of Misses Jeanie and Katherine 
Jewell. Among many other old, old heirlooms in the 
Jewell home is a quaint jews-harp, which “came over” in 
the Mayflower brought by Degary Priest; a nut cracker 
which was made by their great-great-great-grandfather, 
and has been in constant use for all these years; and a hand- 
woven bedspread made in early 1600 and dyed with but¬ 
ternut. The Misses Scott and Jewell own many of the 
oldest heirlooms in the Old Capital City. 

There belongs to Mrs. Frank Bone an old and very 
rare peerage, which came to her through direct descent 
from Francis Matthew, Earl of Landoff. This book is 
Kearsley’s Extinct Peerage of the three kingdoms of Eng¬ 
land, Scotland, and Ireland. It contains a list of all peers 
and peeresses, their family names, titles of elder sons and 
translations of their mottos with plates showing their arms 
from the year 1000 to the year 1739, the date this book was 
published. In this peerage there is also listed the Orders 
of the Bath, the Garter, the Thistle and St. Patrick. Mrs. 
Bone also has a silver spoon, over two hundred years old, 
owned by an ancestor. 

Whenever one visits Mrs. Lillie Little’s home, they 
always notice the ancient lampposts which stand at the 
entrance of her yard. These were given Mrs. Little by an 
aunt, and they were once in the yard of the old Ben 
Jordan place (built about 1830) which was at one time 
owned by her uncle, Dr. Robert Harper. An iron horse- 
head hitching-post is at the gate, this coming from the same 
place. Mrs. Little has an ivory medallion bearing the like¬ 
ness of another relative, Dr. Peterson W. Harper, of 
Virginia, painted about 1829—and a lovely shawl over 
two hundred years old, is greatly treasured. 

Pretty Marie McComb (daughter of Mr. and Mrs. 
Robert McComb) is the great-granddaughter of Camilla 
Sanford McComb, who was one of the flower girls when 
LaFayette visited our city. There were two medallions, 
one of Camilla and one of her husband, Robert, made at 
the time of their wedding. Marie has the one of the great¬ 
grandfather while her cousin Frank Chandler (son of 
Annie McComb Chandler) owns the one of Camilla, 
which may be seen on the page which tells of LaFayette’s 
visit. A picture of Roxanna, oldest daughter of Camilla, 
hangs in Marie’s home, and the likeness is quite noticeable. 
Among many things over a hundred years old in Mrs. 
McComb’s home are some Satsuma China plates, cups and 
saucers and after dinners. There is a very, very old Eng¬ 
lish “tea-warmer”, of white and gold China; a vase-shaped 
stand with holes in it and underneath a place for a lighted 
candle. At the top an opening fits a small one-cup size tea¬ 
pot. On the vase, in gold lettering, are the words “Good 
Night”. 

On the desk of a business man in this city there is the 


quaintest paper weight imaginable. Mr. George William 
Johnson, Express Agent, tells that this odd piece of glass 
was made about 1800. It was owned by his great-grand¬ 
mother, Martha Worrill, and it has been passed on down 
the line to him. We know that modern inventions enable 
one to perform almost impossible feats, but over a hundred 
years ago they knew how to enclose a perfect miniature 
of a fruit centerpiece in a ball of glass about two inches 
thick—flattened on one side. This paper weight is well 
worth seeing. 

Next to the grandfather clock which dignified the land¬ 
ing of most old homes, came the tall “eight-day” time 
piece that tick-tocked the minutes away and added dignity 
to the mantel on which it stood. There is one which is not 
“a clock worn out with eating time”, of which Dryden 
wrote in 1600, for it keeps right on measuring the minutes 
as it stands on a mantel in the Old Mansion. It has been 
in the family of Mrs. Guy Wells for one hundred and 
thirty-seven years, belonging to her grandmother Kinney, 
and has an eight pound weight, and brass works. Behind 
the face there are written the names of its “repairers” 
(there have been only three) and the last date was 1888. 
A quaint old kitchen chair of maple, is the pride of little 
Anne Wells, who claims it as her very own, it having be¬ 
longed to her great-grandmother. 

In M rs. J. L. Beeson’s home another clock, made soon 
after the Revolutionary War, stands in dignified silence 
on the dining room mantel. It is topped with the Eagle 
which stamps it as Revolutionary, and on the inside, under¬ 
neath the name of the maker are these words; “War- 
rented—if well used.” It also has the brass works with 
the heavy weight, and was made in Bristol, Conn. Among 
other treasures in this home, is a piece of pre-Columbian 
Indian Pottery which has been examined by Dr. Swanton 
of the Smithsonian Institute in Washington City, who 
states that it was certainly in existence previous to 1492. 
This is a bowl with incised decoration, and was the only 
one unbroken of about forty which were plowed up when 
excavations were being made at Furman Shoals near Mil¬ 
ledgeville. Mrs. Beeson also owns a table which belonged 
to Governor Mathew Talbot, (1819), which was, it is 
said, shipped down from the Duncan Phvfe shop in Phila¬ 
delphia. Mrs. Beeson procured it from the grandsons of 
Governor Talbot. 

Mrs. Leila Lamar Sibley owns a pair of lovely English 
vases and a large reproduction of Raphael’s “Madonna 
of the Chair” which belonged to her great-great aunt, Mrs. 
Ann Kenan Beecher. She also inherited much of the hand¬ 
some silver that came down from her great-grandparents, 
Richard Jeffrey Nichols and Abigal Hall Nichols of Hart¬ 
ford, Conn, and Milledgeville. A quaint sampler which 
was made by Sarah Elizabeth Mitchell, daughter of Gov¬ 
ernor Mitchell, in 1810, when her father was Governor, 
was given Mrs. Sibley by Governor Mitchell’s grand¬ 
daughter, Mrs. Darnell. 

The story of a Spode China pitcher, which has survived 
being carried by children to get milk for dinner, almost 
causes shivers of terror when one thinks of what might 
have happened. This pitcher is owned by Mrs. Steve 
Thornton, and came from her great-grandmother, who died 
at the home of her son, Judge Blount C. Ferrell, owner 
of the famous Ferrell Gardens in LaGrange. There were 
a pair of these beautiful pitchers, but all track of the mate 
has long since been lost. 

In the beautiful home of Mrs. Marion Allen, among 
other things which she prizes greatly, is the secretary which 


Twenty-Six 


belonged to her great-grandfather Robert Toombs, the 
silver tongued orator who swayed his audiences when he 
spoke in the Old State House during the years when Mil- 
ledgeville was the Capital. 

Two small and very rare volumes of poetry printed in 
the year 1777—written by Abraham Cowley and published 
in Edinbrough, Scotland, came down through the years 
from her great-great-grandfather to Miss Alice Napier, 
a teacher at The Georgia State College for Women for 
forty years. This ancestor, Adlai L. Osborne, bought these 
volumes in 1789. He was a North Carolinian and was 
among the body of educators who were responsible for the 
founding of the University of North Carolina. 

One of the most historic treasures in a home of Milledge- 
ville, is a mirror which belonged to General Lord Corn¬ 
wallis, and hangs in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Guy Mc¬ 
Kinley. There had been pasted on its back, the history of 
this relic written by Mr. McKinley’s father—which said: 
“This mirror was captured, among other personal effects 
and property of General Lord Cornwallis, in a pursuit by 
Continental Troops after the Battle of Cow Pens and 
was later sold in auction and bought in by the officers of 
General Francis Marion’s Command. This mirror was 
bought by my great-grandfather, Francis Cummins, for 
the sum of $150.00, Continental money.” Because of its 
historic value, this mirror was exhibited at the Philadel¬ 
phia Centennial, and also at the Jamestown Exposition. 
Belonging to Miss Pauline McKinley is a quaint sea-chest 
about ten by sixteen inches, made of walnut (brass bound) 
by a Swedish sailor. It was called a sailor’s treasure chest, 
and is used by its owner to store valuable papers. There 
is also in this home a black onyx clock in a glass case, the 
duplicate of which is at Mount Vernon. A drop-leaf break¬ 
fast table belonging to her great-grandfather is now the 
property of Miss McKinley, who has been told it is a 
Duncan Phyfe. 

In the days when wine was the drink served very much 
as water is today, they had regulation wine pitchers, and 
one which is over two hundred years old is in the home of 
Mrs. D. W. Brannen. It is elaborately trimmed with 
moulded designs of bunches of grapes and leaves about the 
top, bottom and on the handle. There are four heads of 
Bacchus around the sides. This belonged to Mrs. Brannen’s 
great-grandfather Thomas. In this home are two huge 
platters of Old Blue China which graced the table when 
Milledgeville feted General Marquis de LaFayette in 
1825. One is for hot meats, with the “tree” for gravey, 
and the other is the cold meat dish. A tiny baby mug, 
belonging to Mrs. Jonathan Bryan, a six-times-great' 
grandmother is indeed a treasure. 

Sixteen pieces of Spode China, dated 1784 are among the 
treasures in the home of Mrs. Margaret Napier. They are 
white with gold trimmings, and a floral design of self-col¬ 
ored primroses. There are sixteen pieces—cups and sau¬ 
cers, sugar and cream. Mrs. Napier has a neckless of yellow 
rope-gold, set with topaz, a duplicate of which has been 
loaned to and is on exhibition in the Smithsonian Institute 
in Washington City. 

A “butler’s desk” (it was called) a piece of Sheraton 
furniture—once owned by Governor Mitchell—is in the 
home of Dr. and Mrs. E. A. Tigner. There are three small 
drawers at the top, then the desk—which looks like a 
wide drawer until opened—and below are three large 
drawers. Mrs. Tigner has two old blue Bristol (England) 
lamps that are most elaborately moulded with deep blue 
“thumb” prints, edged with white—all on the clear glass 


background. They are about thirty inches high, and are 
very old and rare. 

Whenever Mrs. E. E. Bass passes through her living 
room where a beautiful old brass kettle sits on one side 
of the fireplace, it would be the most natural thing for 
her to stop and admire it; probably her mind runs back 
to the time she first saw it. Her childish memory of this 
kettle is that her grandmother always used it in which to 
make pickle, and that it came from Virginia. Can you 
imagine a lovelier way to remember an heirloom ? 

A most unique and attractive way of presenting a di¬ 
ploma to a sweet girl graduate in such a form that she 
might forever regard it as a thing of beauty, as well as a 
joy forever, might be copied by us from one which is 
in the home of Mrs. Terrance Treanor. This diploma was 
awarded to Miss Lucia M. Moore, the young lady for 
whom Mrs. Treanor was named many years later. About 
four-and-a-half by six-and-a-half inches in size, the case 
is made of something like ebony, with elaborately carved 
design in relief all round the edges. On both sides a pic¬ 
ture of the Holy Family is in bold relief. When opened, 
one sees on the right side a picture of the young lady, and 
opposite, her diploma, awarded “for her excellent scholar¬ 
ship and amiable deportment.” Several lines below these 
words appear: “She has also won the respect and esteem of 
her Instructors and secured their best wishes for her fu¬ 
ture prosperity and happiness.” It is signed by twelve 
members of the faculty, “By order of the Trustees”, and 
was awarded by the East Alabama Female College (Bap¬ 
tist) at Tuskegee, Alabama. 

A pair of handsome silver candle sticks which belonged 
to the great-grandfather of Mrs. John Shinholser, are 
among her treasures. It was in the ancestral home of her 
grandfather, Dr. Richard Banks, in Gainesville that Hallie 
McHenry was born. For him, Banks county was named. 
The great-grandfather was a New York man, who came 
to Georgia. He was so thoroughly sold to the future of 
the medical profession and its possibilities, that his contem¬ 
poraries spoke of him as having been born fifty years too 
soon. Dr. Richard Banks’ son, was a Legislator when Mil¬ 
ledgeville was the capital. 

A handsome old rosewood Melodeon, with lyre shaped 
legs, said by some collectors to be a Duncan Phyfe, has 
been for many years in the home of Mrs. Charles Morris, 
who owns and lives in the house in which William Mc- 
Adoo spent his boyhood. Originally costing four hundred 
dollars in gold, there is an old mahogany secretary which 
came to Mrs. Morris from her great-grandmother. She 
also has a set of Adam Clark’s Commentaries on the Bible 
—published in New York in 1832. They are bound in 
calfskin, and are in a fine state of preservation. 

Some day, Little Sally Lucia Moore, the very small 
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jere N. Moore, will fall heir 
to a lovely Sheraton sewing table which is being held in 
trust for her by Mother Sally. It is an heirloom gift from 
Grandmother Sally, Mrs. H. D. Allen. A quaint and 
lovely pitcher which had promised to allow itself to be 
written about in this treasure article, had the misfortune to 
become broken a day or two ago, and we can only say, 
“Alas, how sad.” 

It is often said, “what’s in a name?” But we know that 
Lucetta Lawrence was named for her great-grandmother, 
and in consequence, she, too, fell heir to a sewing table 
(mahogany) which her great-grandfather once brought 
back home to great-grandmother after he had sold his 
cotton in Savannah. Grandmother Lucetta also left to 


Twenty-Seven 


this favored child who bore her name, two white China 
cake plates, which were ever so old even when grandmother 
owned them. 

Another story which will bear out the belief that there 
is much in a name, may be told of two treasures be¬ 
longing to Mrs. Caroline Walton Latimer. Grandmother 
Caroline Fort Hammond was given a little chair which 
was made in 1812, and seated in this, at the age of three, 
she began to learn to sew a fine seam. Years before this, 
great-grandmother Eudocia Walton Moore, made a scrap 
book. She confiscated her father’s account book for her 
use and where the pages are not entirely covered with the 
many clippings she acquired, may be seen entries he made. 
This scrap book is full of most unusual reading matter, 
as well as many pictures. Great-grandmother had started 
to paste in the pictures of all the president’s of our United 
States, and the list was complete up to the date of her 
death. 

Of another little chair there is a tale to be told, and 
this time it comes from across the sea. Many years ago, 
the father of Mrs. Edwin Scott found in a shop in Eng¬ 
land, a little chair which had been made in Holland, and 
was then quite old. It was of solid mahogany and without 
a nail. This chair was shipped to our country and it was 
this father’s wish that it should always belong to the old¬ 
est child in each family and thus pass down through the 
generations. Mrs. Scott is now holding it for her oldest 
child, Edwin, and it will become his when he makes a 
home of his own. 

Beautiful pictures and soft lights! Two silver candelabra 
which were in the home of Mrs. L. P. Longino’s great¬ 
grandmother, Margaret Marshall Little, now belong to 
her. On her walls there hang two oil paintings, likenesses 
of this great-grandmother and her husband, Mr. and Mrs. 
Allen Little; he was born in 1785 and she in 1806. How 
such a thought stirs one’s imagination! The soft light of 
candles shining on these lovely pictures. 

Is there anything more beautiful than the old, old white 
and gold China? Two pitchers and a tea-pot—which has 
a gold acorn on its top—were treasures of Miss Geral¬ 
dine Reid’s great-grandmother Katherine Garland War¬ 
ren, whose only daughter was the mother of Miss Reid’s 
father. James Sidney Reid, of Morgan County, who mar¬ 
ried this only daughter, was a legislator during the time 
Milledgeville was the capital. There are other treasures 
in this home, fortunately, for how could it be decided 
which of Mrs. George Reid’s five children should fall 
heir to these exquisite white and gold pieces? 

It was made in Old Kentucky, but it was brought to 
Georgia, many, many years ago, this blue and white woven 
bedspread which measures nine feet by nine feet. Can’t 
you just imagine the old four poster upon which it was 
once used ? And how it fell to the floor in a graceful way ? 
And maybe it hid from view a little trundle-bed. Mrs. 
Marshall Bland knows its story, for it now belongs to 
her. It was woven at the home of her mother’s aunt, Mrs. 
Margaret Patten, at Nicholasville, Kentucky, from wool 
sheared from the owner’s sheep; yarn spun from this wool, 
and woven in the loom rooms by the owner’s slaves. 

Dr. R. E. Evans has in his possession a hand turned 
brass candlestick that has been in his family for six gene¬ 
rations. This candlestick was originally made for Colonel 
Walter Rand of Ripley, Ohio, in the late seventeen-hun¬ 
dreds. Colonel Rand, using the candlestick as a base, 
added a bowl and wick and thus created Ohio’s first kero¬ 
sene lamp. A generation later a milk glass chimney was 


affixed. In keeping with the family tradition to keep the 
light modern, a few years ago Dr. Evans had the lamp 
electrified. The original candlestick, bowl, wickholder, and 
chimney are still intact and in perfect condition. When 
the dusk time of day comes on, the gleam from this pioneer 
of lights still chases shadows as it did long, long ago. 

Grandmother Miller’s silver waiter which holds a big 
place in Mrs. Linton Fowler’s heart, is one of those old- 
fashioned ones that stands on four small feet. It is about 
ten by fourteen inches, and must have looked lovely on an 
old mahogany sideboard, piled high with all sorts of fruit 
and nuts during the Christmas Season. This waiter is 
wonderfully etched in a dignified design. 

A most unusual silver castor which came into the pos¬ 
session of Mrs. Mamie Pitts from her grandmother, Mrs. 
Caroline Tucker Carr, can be closed and opened. The 
glass cruets repose in recesses—not unlike bits of statuary— 
when the castor is open, but with the turning of a silver 
knob, which projects at the bottom, these niches slowly 
turn until the castor is closed. On the reverse side of the 
niches, elaborate etchings of game and fruit may be seen, 
suggesting that the condiments meant for the cruets must 
have been for seasoning these things especially. 

Even generations ago, all little girls must have wished 
to have their dollies possess things w T hich were just like 
those the “grown-ups” had, even to a mahogany and rose¬ 
wood “tester bed,” with canopy and everything. Just such 
a lovely doll bed was handmade and handcarved for a lit¬ 
tle Miss by the name of Lavinia Millburn, years and years 
ago. In turn, this little lady gave it to her daughter Lavi¬ 
nia Thompson. This young mother handed it down to 
her daughter, Mrs. Wilbur Scott, and when little Miss 
Lavinia Scott came along, she was made happy by having 
this lovely bed in which to place her dollies when sleepy- 
time came. The bed was made and carved by a sea-captain, 
during a long voyage. 

When one thinks of a silver cake knife in connection 
with the Long Ago, it brings visions of a huge pound cake 
like Grandmother used to bake. Of course, Grandfather 
had to furnish the cake knife—which he did—and his 
name was Lewis Flemister. On down the line of other 
Lewis Flemisters this cake knife came until it belonged to 
the father of Otelia Flemister Wood (Mrs. Otis Wood). 
Now she can cut her little boy’s birthday cakes with his 
great-great-grandfather’s silver knife. Such an occasion 
might be conducted with quite a bit of ceremony, and how 
proud the little fellow will be when he is old enough to un¬ 
derstand. 

Two beautiful colored crayon pictures which were 
brought to this country by Mr. Joseph Miller, the grand¬ 
father of Mr. Otto Conn, hang on the walls of his home. 
These pictures which are named—Elizabeth and Saphria— 
were bought in Paris. Mr. Miller came to this country 
from Wurtemburg, Bavaria in 1848, and the pictures must 
have been very old even at that time. Once, these crayons 
passed out of the possession of the Conn family, but by 
good luck, they were recovered. 

In the library of the home of Dr. and Mrs. T. M. Hall, 
there stands a very large marble urn, elaborately carved, 
which once belonged to the family of Dr. S. K. Talmadge 
of old Oglethorpe University. There are two quaint leath¬ 
er hat boxes, one which once carried the high top-hat of 
Judge Iverson Harris, and the other, square shaped, be¬ 
longed to Mrs. Harris, with a pocket for gloves and veils. 
These were the grandparents of Dr. Hall. A wonderful 


Twenty-Eight 


library, inherited by Dr. Hall from both his father’s and 
mother’s families is greatly prized by him. 

A beaded bag made by an Indian Squaw, with floral 
design beautifully worked out in colored beads, came into 
the possession of Mrs. May Allen Moore’s grandfather 
Allen once-upon-a-time. It is about six or seven inches in 
diameter, and is a wonderful example of the artistic work 
that was done by the Indian women. Because of its beauty 
and because her grandfather gave it to her when she was 
a little girl, Mrs. Moore values it most highly. 

In the olden times, dainty China figurines often adorned 
the mantelpieces. Sometimes there were a pair; maybe a 
pair with a larger one for the center. In the Old Jordan 
Home, which was once owned by Dr. Robert Harper, 
there were three of these statuettes that belonged to his 
wife, Anna Judson Barksdale Harper. The lovely one 
which was the middle piece, is now in the home of her 
nieces, Mrs. W. W. Miller and Mrs. Richardson in 
Milledgeville. I his statuette has two figures—lovers we 
are sure—dressed in Revolutionary costume, seated on the 
trunk of a tree with flowers and moss on the ground at 
their feet. It is beautifully colored, and holds a place of 
honor on the mantel of the living room in this home. 

Maybe, because we read so many interesting stories in 
which castles play an important part, we naturally be¬ 
come intrigued with any object that once belonged in 
such an ancient home. A wealthy woman, who lived in 
Georgia, was traveling abroad and, as good luck would 
have it, was able to secure a few things that came from 
an old Scottish Castle. Later, this woman gave up house¬ 
keeping, and these things were disposed of to a dealer 
in valuable furniture. In this way a handsome wrought- 
iron fender, came into the possession of Mrs. William 
Rives. I his fender is most unique, is of gun metal finish, 
with a lattice work across the front, and at either end, 
graceful sprays of conventional leaf design are used. The 
supports of this fender are also wrought in leaf design. It 
is doubtful that there is another one like it in our coun¬ 
try. 

The word “grandmother”, always brings a fragrance 
of thought that belongs to no other word, and when one 
says, “This was my grandmother’s wedding ring”, there 
comes a picture of a dear little soul, quiet and unassum¬ 
ing, who would rock and knit and smile. And on her 
finger she wore a wide gold band, which she would often 
turn with thoughtful eyes as if she were remembering 
the day when HE had said, “with this ring I thee wed.” 
Precious beyond words is this grandmother’s wedding ring 
which belongs to Mrs. Miller S. Bell. The grandmother, 
Mary Ann Buchanan was born in 1792 in St. Petersburg, 
Virginia, and was married in 1812. The ring was given to 
her daughter when she passed away—then, in turn, an 
older sister wore it, and finally, it came to Mrs. Bell. 
It is so thin from constant wearing, and has become so 
fragile, that it cannot any longer be worn, but is laid 
away in a satin box. 

An old English silver ladle which bore a date in the 
sixteen-hundreds and was engraved with the name “Harri¬ 
son”, was handed dowrn to another generation and en¬ 
graved “Haines” in the seventeen-hundreds. Then it was 
passed on down to the Andrews family, always going to 
the oldest son. It became the property of Mr. L. H. 
Andrews, who will pass it on to his son, Hugh. 

Sweet Sixteen is a time in every girl’s life when things 
seem fairest and life is the sweetest, and in one family, 
there is a ring that has for generations been handed down 


to the oldest daughter when she became sixteen. This 
little ring, which has a top shaped like a butterfly and set 
with pearls, was given to the mother of our “little Mrs. 
Cook” on her sixteenth birthday. Then little Anna Maria 
Green fell heir to it; later it was given to her daughter 
Addie, who, as Mrs. Proctor, is now saving it for her 
little grandchild when she becomes sixteen. 

It is almost unbelievable that a young girl could be 
capable of doing such exquisite work with her needle as 
is shone by a sampler which hangs in the hallway of the 
home of Miss Mattie Thomas. This is a Memorial Sam¬ 
pler made in 1833 by the grandmother of the Misses Thom¬ 
as of Milledgeville—Mary Bryan Neyle. Worked in the 
finest of silken threads, chenille and sequins, a magnifying 
glass must be used to read the words in the inscription. 
There is a picture of a grave-stone, “Dedicated to the Mem¬ 
ory of my beloved and much lamented Mother, Hester 
Neyle.” Trees, grass and flowers are beautifully carried 
out in intricate design, and on a space one inch by one- 
and-a-half inches, are these words; “Blessed are the dead 
who die in the Lord. They shall rest from their labours, 
and their works do follow them.” Miss Elizabeth Thomas 
owns an exquisite Dresden China dressing table set; two 
candlesticks, two perfume bottles and a powder box, 
which were in Drayton Hall (near Charleston) the an¬ 
cestral home of her mother’s family. Jonathan Bryan is 
the Revolutionary ancestor of the Misses Thomas. 

A rare set of books—nine volumes—by Joseph Warton, 
D. D., published in London in 1797, complete with notes 
and illustrations, is owned by Rev. F. H. Harding. 1 hese 
books were bought by Dr. Harding’s brother-in-law from 
a collector in Baltimore. In this home there is a pair of 
beautiful Wedgewood vases which were used as wedding 
gifts for several generations. 

It is perhaps a well known fact that doctors are born 
with a special gift of using their hands, and when these 
hands are trained, the result is a splendid surgeon, rhere 
is passing into the hands of young George Case Ritchie, 
when he leaves for school this fall, a book, “Elements of 
Surgery for use of Students” by John Syng Dorsey, M. D. 
This book was published in 1818, and a second and re¬ 
vised edition in 1823. This revised edition belonged to 
young George’s great-great-grandfather, Dr. George Dan¬ 
iel Case, in 1829, and was passed down to his great-grand¬ 
father in 1844, both of these names and the dates being 
written on the fly-leaf of the book. In 1876 it belonged 
to George’s grandfather, who lived in Milledgeville and 
was greatly beloved. To the next son, Dr. Iverson Clark 
Case, this book passed in 1916, and in the year 1936, when 
young George starts his work to become a doctor, this 
book will go with him. 

Sometimes, in the long ago, when the gentlemen carried 
walking canes, they may have done so for three reasons; 
to assist them in walking—maybe; because it was the 
gentlemanly thing to do—probably, but thirdly, it was 
done to enable them to defend themselves if the occasion 
arose. For just such emergencies, there were made con¬ 
cealed-dagger walking canes, and there is one in the home 
of Mrs. C. P. Crawford. It was carried by her grand¬ 
father, Dr. John Adams, D.D., L.L.D., who was for 
forty years president of Phillips Academy, Andova, Mass. 
This cane has a heavy ivory knob as a handle, which con¬ 
tains a three-edge steel dagger. By pressing a small 
spring the dagger is released instantly. Over a hundred 
years ago, they were carried by the Gentlemen of the 
Old School, and this particular one is seen in pictures 


T wenty-Nine 


of the distinguished Adams brothers of Massachusetts. 

In the days of The Long Ago when Mrs. R. W. 
Hatcher’s grandmother Fulton of Wilmington and Char¬ 
leston, N. C., entertained at dinner, she used her lovely 
set of white and gold Limoges China which contained 
between two and three hundred pieces. These now belong 
to Mrs. Hatcher. There are platters for every different 
kind of meat; from the roast pig with the apple in his 
mouth, and a smaller size for turkey, on down to a 
broiled chicken, and a set for sardines. There are custard 
cups with a tiered stand to hold them—the tops of the 
cups having small apples with which to lift them off. 
With two dozen of everything from soup to dessert, 
it is a miracle that this gorgeous set has lasted through 
three generations, with but very few of the pieces having 
been broken. Mrs. Hatcher has but recently inherited 
some wonderful ancestral silver bearing the English hall¬ 
mark. But a treasure dear to her heart is a miniature of 
her great-great-grandmother, and in the back is a lock 
of this grandmother’s hair. 

Bethenia Grant was her name, and she lived in Green 
County many, many years ago, in fact she was the great- 
great-great grandmother of Marianna Moore Heidecker, 
who now lives in Atlanta. Marianna is so afraid that 
something will happen to the pieced-up quilt that she 
inherited, every stitch of which was put in by this great- 
great-great grandmother of hers over one hundred and 
fifty years ago, that she has her mother, Mrs. J. F. Bell, 
Sr., of Milledgeville, to keep it for her. It is one of the 
handsomest of all the old quilts which were recently ex¬ 
hibited here. 

Maybe there was not as much to do with one’s time 
a hundred years ago, or maybe the ladies just loved to 
sew. Anyway, there is an embroidered counterpane which 
was made—in 1818—by a young girl to go into her hope 
chest. The cloth which made the counterpane, was hand- 
woven on the plantation where young Maden Tanner 
lived, at Greenville, S. C. (now Chick Springs), and 
the thread with which the work was done was spun there. 
There is a border of bunches of grapes and leaves and 
the center is decorated with a huge basket of flowers. 
Smaller baskets are placed at various intervals, all over¬ 
flowing with different kinds of posies. Not content with 
doing all of this work, young Maden made lace six inches 
wide, which she used to edge the entire counterpane. This 
lace was made by being tied, and was afterward, em¬ 
broidered. A wonderful work of love and hope. This 
young girl was the great-grandmother of Mrs. Katherine 
Greer Tunnell. 

Quite different was the story told by a picture—be¬ 
longing to Mrs. Shouse—which was made by a young 
girl who had lost her lover—he died at sea—and then 
her reason. Her name was Jane Dunston of Screven 
County, Georgia. This picture is most unusual, and is a 
combination of painting and embroidery. It represents the 
figure of a young woman, sitting in an attitude of despair. 
There is grass and flowers—even a little dog near her— 
a house, a fence, and the picture of her lover as he rode 
away. The sky, with clouds, and the face and hair of the 
young woman are painted, all else is embroidered. This pic¬ 
ture was made in 1780, over a hundred and fifty years 
ago, and the colors are very clear. An account of how the 
picture came to be made was written by Dr. Robert Maner 
Wade of Athens, Georgia, and pasted on the back of the 
picture, which had hung for many years in the Wade home 
in Screven County. 


None of the wonderful furniture which graces every 
hallway and room in the home of Mrs. H. D. Allen, can 
ever hold a place in her heart as warm as that niche re¬ 
served for the old mantel which came from her childhood 
home. It is in the living room, and was brought from 
the old Whitaker place, where it had stood in the parlor, 
the room in which Mrs. Allen was married. This mantel 
is beautifully carved, showing a basket of flowers below 
the shelf. There are tall pilasters at the sides, and in the 
old home the top was in an alcove. There were two semi¬ 
circular niches, one on either side, with arches, formed 
by moulding, over these niches and the mantel. This same 
moulding, of leaf design, was all round the ceiling. Since 
being moved to its new home, a new square top was de¬ 
signed, but the old mantel is still the center of attraction. 

A secretary which stands in the home of Miss Hallie 
Smith has a message for all who care to read it; it is dated 
December 26, 1806, and signed by one, Samuel Watkins. 
On the edge of two of the drawers in this desk, were writ¬ 
ten these “messages”, one which reads; “Take heed how 
you heare, and how ye act. S. W.” The other is signed 
with his full name; “Be faithful unto death and thou 
shalt receive a crown of glory, my children and friends, 
Samuel Watkins.” This secretary belonged to Miss Smith’s 
grandfather and strange to say, there is a record of a 
Samuel Watkins having lived in Baldwin County many, 
many, years ago. 

In the home of Misses Mary and Katie Cline, which was 
once used as a Governor’s Mansion, there are a pair of 
“hurricane shades,” very tall, clear glass vases in which 
the candles were set so that the wind could not extinguish 
the light. On the colonial mantel in the drawing room, 
there are a pair of silver candelabra which stood on the 
altar of the local Catholic Church for over fifty years, 
having been given to the church by the Cline family. When 
it was decided to use brass instead of silver, these cande¬ 
labra were returned to the family. 

There are many letters, documents, interesting maga¬ 
zines and books of the years long gone that belong to Mr. 
Charles Tillman Snead, a farmer of Baldwin County. Mr. 
Snead lives on the same plantation which has been culti¬ 
vated by his family for over a hundred years. Many won¬ 
derful relics have been handed down to him, a few he has 
loaned to the Museum in the Georgia State College for 
Women. Among these there is a horn spoon, which be¬ 
longed to Daniel Boone, the handle of which he had 
carved. This was when Boone (born 1735—died 1820) 
and his cousin Nathaniel Hart were with Colonel Hender¬ 
son, surveying the lands in the wilderness of Kentucky. 
There is a gourd, used as a powder horn in Jamestown, 
Virginia, in 1620. Several old music books, dated 1790, 
belonged to Elizabeth Georgiana Beverly Washington, 
another ancestor, who was a grand niece of George Wash¬ 
ington. In this Museum is also the buckskin coat of a Creek 
Indian Chief, which was given in friendship to Robert 
Beverly Washington, the great uncle of Mr. Snead. In 
this coat are three bullet holes, but the red and blue 
trimmings are quite bright and the fringe is in good condi¬ 
tion. 

A precious and most unusual treasure which hangs in the 
hallway of the home of Mrs. David Ferguson, is a set of 
silhouettes of Ezekiel Parke and his wife, Susan Smythe 
Parke—great-grandparents of Mrs. Ferguson—and their 
six children: Lucinda, who married Peter J. Williams, 
and became Mrs. Ferguson’s grandmother, James, Griffin, 
Joseph, Catherine and Richard. These silhouettes were 


Thirty 


made in Greensboro, Georgia, in 1815. Most fortunate is 
Mrs. Ferguson to own so many beautiful heirlooms, and 
very few can show the wedding slippers that belonged to 
their grandmother. Sara Grantland Grieve, was married 
in 1833, and her dainty slippers were made of French 
Morocco, the toes daintily embroidered in colors, and set 
with pearls. In this home is a doll, one hundred years old 
which belonged to Mrs. Ferguson’s aunt, Mrs. Susan 
Jones. 

A tall bronze candelabra—with the two candlesticks 
made to stand on either side—which once reposed in a 
French Cathedral, came into the possession of Dr. and Mrs. 
Y. A. Yarbrough some five or six years ago. These antiques 
belonged to a family who were among the first settlers, 
and had been in this family for several generations. They 
were presented to Dr. Yarbrough in friendship by a mem¬ 
ber of the younger generation. 

In the home of Dr. and Mrs. Dennis Turner are many 
valuable books which were once in the magnificent library 
at “Turnwold,” the ancestral home of the Turners, near 
Eatonton. A bound volume of the copies of The Country¬ 
man—of the year 1864—published by Joseph Addison 
Turner on his plantation, is perhaps the most prized. 
Mr. Turner modeled his paper after Joseph Addison’s 
Spectator, and his was the only newspaper ever known to be 
published on a plantation. It was here, working on this pa¬ 
per, that Joel Chandler Harris, as a lad of fourteen, started 
his education and his life’s work, setting type. The Turn¬ 
ers also own the only four copies in existence of A South¬ 
ern Quarterly Review. They have the bound copies of 
Greer’s Almanac from 1811 to 1848, probably the old¬ 
est date of this publication being 1810. 

A notice in a recent periodical, which told of the re¬ 
turn of an old style in engagement rings, brought to light 
the fact that in the family of Misses Annie and Mabray 
Harper, there is just such a ring. This gold band is about 
one-eighth of an inch wide, and has a groove all the way 
around in which a piece of plaited hair—belonging to the 
lover—was placed. Where the set in the modern ring be¬ 
longs, there are a pair of clasped hands in gold leaf. This 
ring was given in 1831 by their grandfather Dudley Her¬ 
bert Tatum, to the lady w T ho became his first wife. The 
home in which the Misses Harpers live is unique because 
it once stood two miles from its present location. This was 
because the mistress of the house, the Avife of Professor 
Smith who taught at Old Oglethorpe University, was 
afraid of snakes, and the original site of the home seemed 
to be infested with these reptiles. 

When Mrs. Charles Winn was asked to tell of a treas¬ 
ure in her home which was over one hundred years of age, 
she seemed rather puzzled. “Almost everything in my 
house is over that age,” was her reply. It was hard in¬ 
deed to select from among these antiques any one object, 
but since Mrs. Winn suggested that she treasured a picture 
which had been in the home of her grandfather, General 
Stith Myrick, a reproduction of “Madonna of the Chair , 
it seemed a lovely thing about which to write. I here is 
also a mahogany framed mirror which belonged to her 
great-grandmother (1825) which is ten feet tall and three 
feet wide. 

Finger bowls are certainly no modern luxury for in 
many of the homes which were visited there were found 
lovely examples which dated far back. But Mrs. Y. A. 
Little owns two exquisite ruby glass Venetian bowls which 
are over two hundred years old. She also has an antique 


French ivory rosary which is an object of much admira¬ 
tion. 

The Old Capital City has a record which might be 
called a treasure, in as much as she can boast of having 
three living past grand officers of the Masonic Lodge 
which was chartered in 1817. They are H. S. Jones, past 
grand commander of the Commandery Knights Templar; 
J. F. Bell, Sr., past grand high priest of the Royal Arch 
Masons; and J. A. Moore, past grand master of the 
Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, who also 
filled the office of past grand high priest of the Royal Arch 
Masons. There is a record also that in 1834, when the 
present Masonic Building was dedicated, Judge Iverson 

L. Harris was the Worshipful Master; one hundred years 
from that date when a centennial celebration Avas held, 
his great-grandson, Joseph Terrell Andrews held that po¬ 
sition, while thirty years previously, his grandson, Dr. T. 

M. Hall had been at the head. It is interesting to know 
that during this one hundred and two years, the self-per¬ 
petuating board of trustees has made a detailed report 
every December to the membership just as it was ordered 
in the beginning. Mr. J. F. Bell, Sr., has many of the old 
records which he treasures beyond price, he having been 
the secretary for twenty-four years. There is a circular 
stairway in this building which has a spiral rail running 
up four floors, this rail being eighty-seven feet from start 
to finish. It is doubtful that another stairway like it ex¬ 
ists in the South. The original board of trustees consisted 
of the following: Seaton Grantland, R. K. Hines, George 
W. Murray, Thomas Ragland, F. V. DeLaunay, William 
T. Davis . Iverson L. Harris, S. Rockwell, and William Y. 
Hansell. The present board is: Dr. T. M. Hall, chairman ; 
J. F. Bell, Secretary and Treasurer; W. L. Ritchie, R. 
H. Wootten, Joseph A. Moore, Sr., E. E. Bell and H. 
S. Jones. 

There is a treasure in Milledgeville \\diich cannot claim 
to be a hundred years of age but which commemorates 
the home of a man who has done much for the South, 
Dr. Charles Holmes Herty. This marker was placed on the 
site where once stood the home in which he was born, 
on the Campus of the Georgia State College for Women. 
The chemistry department of this college has created a 
medal, in Dr. Herty’s honor, to be given yearly for “the 
most outstanding contribution in chemical research in the 
Southeastern States.” Dr. Herty originated the method of 
collecting turpentine, which greatly increased the produc¬ 
tiveness of the pine, and because of the research work done 
by him, the best grade of white paper is now being made 
out of pine pulp from pine trees. According to the Ameri¬ 
can Institute of Chemists, which presented him a medal 
in 1932 for this outstanding achievement, this will be the 
basis of a new prosperity for the South. 

It would take a large book to enumerate the treasures 
which are housed in the Museum belonging to The Geor¬ 
gia State College for Women. This Museum is on the sec¬ 
ond floor of the Ina Dillard Russell Library, and was be¬ 
gun by the History Department of the College several 
years ago. There is a collection of flint artifaces and pot¬ 
tery from the site of Old Oconee Town (six miles south 
of Milledgeville on the Oconee River) arranged under 
the direction of Dr. A. R. Kelly, archeologist of the ex¬ 
plorations at the Ocmulgee National Monument near Ma¬ 
con ; there is a large pottery burial urn which was plowed 
up several years ago (near Oconee Town) which contained 
the body of an Indian child about eight years of age. The 


Thirty-One 



body crumbled into dust when the urn was opened, but 
there remained one milk-tooth, and a neckless of bone 
beads. The college owns three Babylonian cones bearing 
a fine inscription of twenty lines in cuneiform writing of 
the time of Libit-Ishtar, a prominent king of 2150 B.C., 
just before the time of Abraham. These cones were pur¬ 
chased from Dr. Edgar J. Banks, Field Director of the 
recent Babylonian Expedition from the University of 
Chicago, who had himself discovered them in the ruins 
of a temple wall at Ur of the Chaldees, the birthplace of 
Abraham. It would be impossible to tell of the rare books, 
letters, manuscripts, and relics of the Old South which 
are in this museum. There are all four of Sherwood’s 
Gazetteers, the first edition, (1827) is very rare; there 
is the New Testament in Cherokee language and alpha¬ 
bet; a two year file of The Missionary, published at Mt. 
Zion in Hancock County; two volumes of The Orion, 
published at Penfield, Georgia; the minutes of Thalian So¬ 
ciety, Oglethorpe University from 1859 through 1863; 
also a catalogue of this society giving the names and ad¬ 
dresses of all members from the time of its organization— 
1839 through 1858. 

Baldwin County, organized in 1805, claims her churches 
as treasures. In 1806 (in Charleston at the South Carolina 
Conference) The Milledgeville Methodist Circuit was 
formed with Samuel Cowles as pastor. In 1809 the first 
church ever built in Milledgeville was erected for the 
Methodist. In 1810, Milledgeville was set apart as a 
station, Thomas Y. Cook in charge, and it was at that time 
the largest station in the state, with 102 white members, 
Augusta coming next with 64. 

In 1812, while Samuel W. Meek was pastor of this 
church, the first Methodist Sunday School was established 
in Georgia. 

There have been four Methodist conferences held in 
Milledgeville: 1814, Bishop Asbury presiding; 1842, 
Bishop Waugh presiding: 1888, Bishop Keener in charge. 
A Methodist Centennial was celebrated in Milledgeville 
in 1906, Bishop Seth Ward presiding. 

In 1826, the Presbyterian Church was organized in 
Milledgeville, and in 1828 it was incorporated, with Rev. 
Joseph C. Stiles as pastor. Previous to 1826, it is recorded 
that a band of women assembled weekly in prayer, looking 
forward to this organization; the names of these women 
have been handed down from generation to generation: 
Mrs. William S. Rockwell, Mrs. Richard J. Nichols, 
Mrs. Peter Jones Williams, Mrs. Iverson Louis Harris, 
Mrs. Charles J. Payne and Mrs. Alfred Nisbet. In 1926 
there was held a centennial celebration here, and Rev. 
Doland McQueen, who had been this church’s pastor forty- 
seven years previously, was one of the speakers. The pres¬ 
ent building was dedicated in 1906, and was built during 
the charge of Rev. D. W. Brannen, who was stationed 
here for twenty-eight years. It was his first and only charge, 
he remaining here until his death in 1920. 

It cannot be exactly stated when the first Baptist Church 
was erected in Milledgeville, but there must have been one 
in the eighteen-twenties since the Georgia Baptist Con¬ 
vention met in this city in 1829, but in 1834 the Milledge¬ 
ville church was received into the Central Association. It 
is thought that Rev. J. H. Campbell, was one of the first 
in charge. He had been under the instruction of Adiel 
Sherwood who had been pastor at Macon, Greensboro, 
Penfield, Griffin, and Monticello. He was author of the 
famous Sherwood’s Gazetteers of Georgia. When this Con¬ 


vention met in Milledgeville, (1829) Sherwood was clerk, 
and Rev. Jesse Mercer was also present. So it can be stated 
with assurance that the Baptist church has reached the 
hundred-year mark in our city. 

The Parish of St. Stephens, Milledgeville, was organ¬ 
ized in 1844 through the efforts of The Right Reverend 
Stephen Elliott, Bishop of the Diocese of Georgia—with 
only six communicants. The church edifice had been con¬ 
secrated in 1843, with Rev. Rufus White as the first rec¬ 
tor. This denomination still occupies the same building in 
which they originally held their devotions. It is located on 
the Square on which the Old State House stands, the state 
granting permission for all churches to use a half acre of 
land for such a purpose. The Presbyterian church still 
stands on this Square, but the Methodist and Baptist, after 
having worshiped in buildings on the State ground, decided 
to erect their new edifices on lots acquired by them. 

The Sacred Heart Catholic Church was built in 1874 
and dedicated by Bishop Gross, the Roman Catholic Bishop 
of the Diocese of Savannah. The Rev. Michael Reilly was 
the first to celebrate Mass in the new church. This church 
was for a number of years served by the Jesuit Fathers 
from Saint Stanislaus Novitiate at Macon. In 1906 Mil¬ 
ledgeville was made a mission parish and made the perma¬ 
nent residence for the priest attending the Middle Georgia 
Missions, being served by a secular clergyman of the Sa¬ 
vannah Diocese. 

A town by the name of Mount-Pelier was in existence 
on the eastern side of the Oconee River as early as 1801. 
This land—which later became Baldwin County—was 
well populated by a splendid class of people who had re¬ 
ceived land grants for notable services during the Revolu¬ 
tionary War. There is a little church which still stands, 
that is over a hundred years old, and it is said that the 
original pews and altar are still there. It has been used 
as a house of worship continuously since its organization 
and the great-great-grandfather of the present generation 
of Stembridges, was one of the founders. Four generations 
of Stembridges have served as stewards in this same edifice, 
and this family possesses many old records which tell in¬ 
teresting things about this little country church. 

It could not be expected that this little story of “Once 
Upon a Time” could tell of all the treasures which rest 
in the homes of our Old City. Some of them of which you 
have read are very humble, like the one of which you will 
be told on this last page. It began its life in the kitchen of 
the editor’s grandmother, out on a plantation where vaca¬ 
tions spent were the very joy of existence. It is a low kitch¬ 
en chair with a cow-hide bottom, which is just as stout to¬ 
day as it was one hundred years ago when the grandmother 
sat in it to shell the..peas. A wee child going to Grand¬ 
mothers! Being allowed to “rummage” in the big built- 
in closet where many things which belonged to Grand¬ 
mother’s Grandmother were laid away; being al¬ 
lowed to carry the little brass kerosene lamp (with no 
chimney) to the room where dreams hovered to descend 
when the Sand Man closed little eyes; climbing into the 
huge four-poster, sometimes being allowed to carry “Pink 
Eyes”, the little white kitten; sleepily watching Grand¬ 
mother as she set the little brass lamp into the fire place 
(to keep from smoking up the room), and drowsily watch¬ 
ing the big shadows which flickered about the ceiling; 
falling asleep, content to know that the morrow would 
bring another day at Grandmother’s house. Blessed Grand¬ 
mother ! 


Thirty-Two 



THE MANSION AS A HOME 


♦ 





Hume! 

My very heart’s desire is safe 

/Vi thin thy walls; 

The voices of my loved ones — 

Friends who conic — 

My treasured hooks that rest 

In niche serene — 

All make more dear 
Thy haven sweet. 

Nor do my feet 

Desire to wander out except that 
they 

May have the ijlad return 
At eventide. 

Dear Home! 


♦ 


MISTRESSES OF THE MANSION 


F OR thirty years, the Old Mansion was used as a home 
for Georgia’s governors. Many have written about 
these great men who dwelt in this historic building, but few 
have mentioned the Mistresses of the Mansion. Also for 
forty-six years this building has housed the presidents 
of The Georgia State College for Women, and it seems 
but right that the first old home to appear in this book 
should be the Mansion. 

It was not until 1839 that Governor George Gilmer 
occupied the Mansion, because of its unfinished condition. 
Then he stayed only a few months for in November of 
that year, he was succeeded by Charles J. McDonald. 
Gilmer was twice governor, in 1828 and again in 1837. 
In 1822 he was married to Eliza Frances Gratten, whose 
father was of the same Irish stock as the famous orator, 
Henry Gratten. There were no children and very little 


could be learned about this very first “first lady” to live 
in this Mansion. 

Charles James McDonald, the nineteenth governor of 
Georgia, was twice married, his first wife being Ann 
Franklin, daughter of a Dr. Franklin of Macon. This 
marriage took place in 1819 and there were four children. 
In 1839 McDonald married a Mrs. Ruffin of Virginia, 
the widowed daughter of Judge Spencer Roane, and she 
presided in the Mansion during the two terms which her 
husband served as chief executive of the state. There were 
no children. 

The next Mistress of the Mansion was Mary Ann 
McIntosh who married George W. Crawford, governor 
from 1843 to 1847. She was the daughter of General Mc- 
(Continued on page 34) 


Thirty-Three 




MISTRESSES OF THE MANSION 

(Continued from page 33) 

Intosh, and for the first time in the life of this old home, 
the merry laughter of children echoed in its halls. 

In 1847 George W. Towns brought his bride Mary, 
to the Mansion. She was the daughter of John W. Jones 
of Virginia, a former Speaker of House in that state. 
During this administration, a tiny baby came to make 
precious memories for this old house. Towns and his 
wife were blessed with five daughters and two sons and 
history says that Mrs. Towns was a happy, devoted wife 
and mother. In earlier life George Towns had been mar¬ 
ried to a Miss Campbell, sister of John W. Campbell, 
but she lived only a few days after the wedding. 

Prom 1851 to 1853 Howell Cobb occupied the Man¬ 
sion as Governor. In 1834 he had married Mary Ann 
Lamar, daughter of Zachariah Lamar of Baldwin County 
and there were four sons: Judge Howell Cobb, John 
A. Cobb, Major Lamar Cobb, and Judge Andrew J. 
Cobb, associate justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia. 
There were two daughters, one married Hon. Tinsley W. 
Rucker and the other became the wife of Judge Alexander 
S. Erwin. 

In 1835 Herschel V. Johnson married Mrs. Ann Polk 
Walker, daughter of William Polk, Judge of the Su¬ 
preme Court of Maryland, niece of President James K. 
Polk and cousin of General Leonidas Polk, the famous 
Confederate soldier-bishop. History names this Mistress of 
the Mansion beautiful and intellectual, and states that 
she made a happy home for her husband and their seven 
children. Governor 1853-57. 

We may be sure that during all these years there was 
a big “back yard” in which the Governor’s “kiddies” 
might romp, a cellar door to slide upon and an old time 
rain barrel into which they might “holler” to hear the 
terrible sound which echoed back, but it was not until our 
war-time Governor, Joseph E. Brown, went to live in 
the Mansion (1857-63) that we actually know that the 
kids slid down the stair rail. One of the Governor’s sons 
wdio has made many trips back to the old Mansion, which 
w 7 as his childhood home, chuckles and tells how he was 
willing to take the consequences (a whipping) to be able 
to enjoy that thrill. He also tells of raiding his mother’s 
cookie jar; so kids must have been kids, even in the good 
old days. 

Joseph E. Brown married Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. 
Joseph Grisham, a Baptist clergyman of South Carolina, 
a noble woman and a devoted wife. In Fielder’s “Life 
and Times of Joseph E. Brown,” he tells of the children: 
Julius L. Brown, prominent in the legal profession; 
Joseph M. Brown, who inherited his father’s intellect, 
became a railroad man, and later governor; Elijah A. 
and Charles M., also George M. (then in school) and 
Mary V., wife of Dr. E. L. Connallv of Atlanta, and 
Sallie (then a child). 

Charles Jenkins the last Governor to live in the Man¬ 
sion, (1865) married twice, first a sister of Seaborn Jones 
of Burke County, and after her death, a daughter of 
Judge Barnes of Philadelphia. This wife was the last 
Mistress of the Mansion as a Governor’s wife. 

After the war, when the capitol was moved to Atlanta, 
the Mansion was rented to private families for some time. 
Later it was used as a barracks for the boys who attended 
the Middle Georgia and Agricultural College. 

In 1889 the Georgia Normal and Industrial College 
came into existence and was built on one of the twenty 


acre squares which had been reserved when Milledgeville 
was laid off in 1803. On this square had stood the state 
penitentiary, which was partially destroyed during the war 
and later moved away entirely. The Mansion was then 
given to the college as a home for its presidents, the 
upper floor being used as a dormitory. 

Dr. J. Harris Chappell, the first president of G. N. 
I. C., as it was then called, was twice married. First to 
Miss Corrie Brown, daughter of Rev. G. Y. Brown of 
Madison, president of the Madison Female College. There 
were no children and she died in 1886. Lovely Henrietta 
Kincaid of Rome, the second wife, daughter of Dr. John 
Kincaid, came to be the Mistress of the old Mansion. Four 
children were born to Dr. and Mrs. Chappell in this 
historic building: Calmese, a wee daughter who was 
spared only one week, then Cornelia, Loretta and Dorothy. 
I he last named now sleeps beside her father and mother 
and baby sister in Milledgeville’s old cemetery. 

When Dr. Marvin M. Parks became the president of 
this college at the death of Dr. Chappell, his family con¬ 
sisted of two boys and two girls, William Vaden, Marvin 
M., Jr., Ruth and Catherine, while Dorothy, the baby 
girl was born in the Mansion. Gracious and talented Ruth 
Sinclair Vaden, daughter of Rev. W. C. Vaden and Sarah 
Frances (Crowder) Vaden of Virginia, presided for twen¬ 
ty years as Mistress of the Mansion. A wonderful musi¬ 
cian, she gave her profession up to take over that of being 
a wife and mother. 

When the tragic death of Dr. Parks took place, the 
reins of government fell into the hands of Dr. Jasper 
Luther Beeson, who had been a member of the faculty 
of G. S. C. W. (as the college is now called) for thirty 
years. So for seven years his charming wife, who was 
Leola Selman of Powder Springs, Georgia, loved and 
studied the history and architecture of this old building 
until she knew all about it “from the cupola to the cat 
hole” (in the basement). Of her many accomplishments, 
the knowledge of history comes high in the list, she having 
served for four years as State Historian of the Daughters 
of the American Revolution, and recently had published 
a book: “Sidney Lanier at Oglethorpe University.” The 
Beesons have one daughter, Mrs. Sam Wright, of Vir¬ 
ginia, who, with young Sam, Jr., often visited the Man¬ 
sion. Now there is little Kitty Lee Wright of whom 
grandfather and grandmother Beeson are very proud. 

Two years ago, Dr. Beeson was honored by being made 
president emeritus because of his thirty-seven years of 
splendid service to the college, and Dr. Guy H. Wells, 
who had been president of the college at Statesboro, came 
as the new head. His wife was Ruby Mae Hammond, 
of Temple, Georgia, where both of them were reared. 
This most recent Mistress of the Mansion made a name 
for herself in the educational and club fields before she 
came to Milledgeville, having been identified with the 
State Parent-Teachers Association and holding high offices 
in this organization. For a number of years Mrs. Wells 
lias been the editor of the official magazine of this Asso¬ 
ciation, and has become a valued addition to the club 
life of the old capital city 7 . Dr. and Mrs. Wells have two 
children, Guy, Jr., who is a student at Tech, and a lovely 
golden haired daughter, Ann, who is seven years of age. 

It must be true that this old home, during its almost 
one hundred years of existence, has had a guardian angel; 
an angel that has made sure that “the woman in the 
house” was beautiful, gracious, talented in home-making, 
devoted to the welfare of husband and children, and loyal 
in keeping alive its glorious traditions. 


Thirty-Four 


OLDEST HOME IN 
MILLEDGEVILLE 



^tCCORDING to recent records found in the pos¬ 
session of Dr. Joseph H. White of Washington, 
D. C., the oldest home still standing in historic Mil- 
ledgeville is the one now owned by Mr. and Mrs. 
R. B. Moore. It was built by Dr. White’s great¬ 
grandfather soon after this city was settled, about 
1806, and in it five generations of the White family 
lived, and three were born. It originally stood next 
to the home of General Sanford (now Dr. Binion) 
and across from the Mansion Square. 

At the end of the Revolutionary War, Major Ed¬ 
ward White of Boston received a land grant which 
was that plantation now known as the Stallings 
Place near Haddock, Georgia. Major White came 
to Georgia sometime in the seventeen-nineties and 
was a state officer when Louisville was the capital. 
He came to Milledgeville when it was made the 
capital and began plans for the building of a home. 
All timber for this house was secured from his plan¬ 
tation which had been named “Brookline” for the 
ancestral home near Boston. The wainscotting was 
made of Santo Domingo mahogany brought up 
from Savannah in ox carts, and the original house 
which consisted of four rooms (two up stairs and 
two down) with a hall from which a lovely stairway 
leads upward, is just the same as was built by Major 
Edward White, and sold by the widow of his grand¬ 
son, another Edward White, in 1886. 

The six generations of the White family to live 
in this home were: Major Edward White; Dr. 
Benjamin Aspinwall White; Major Edward White, 
II; Dr. Joseph H. White, and his little daughter, Dr. White having been married to Miss Emily Humber in the early 
eighties. The home was sold to the Conns about 1886 and was rented for several years. It was then lived in by Mr. 
John Conn until he decided to build a new home and this old house was moved to its present location. 

Dr. White remembers that, as a lad of sixteen, he took the hand-made cedar shingles from the roof of this home 
and re-shingled it himself. He remembers hearing his grandmother speak of “talking across the street” to the gov¬ 
ernors’ wives, as the Mansion some years prior to 1838, was on the southwest corner of the Mansion lawn. 

Who doesn’t love a little bit of romance? It but makes this old home a bit dearer to Dr. Joseph White to remember 
that here in the house where he was born and reared, he met the lovely lady who was to bear his name. And to hear him 
recount how he had been want to help his grandmother polish up that wonderful mahogany wainscotting, was a story in 
itself. This bit of history told by one who holds the records—concerning the oldest home in the capital city serves to 
clear up many things about which there had been much doubt. It also makes this home a wee bit dearer to its present 
owners. 

Robert Bolling Moore, the present owner of this historic “first home still standing”, is the editor of the Union Re- 
corder, which celebrated its centennial in 1927. Mr. Moore’s father, Jere Neuville Moore, who was elected vice-president 
at the organization of the Georgia Press Association in Milledgeville fifty years ago, acquired an interest in this paper 
when the Southern Recorder (1820) and the Federal Union (1825) were merged to form the Union Recorder in 1872. 
Since then this paper has been in the Moore Family. R. B. Moore married Miss Lucia Brandy, and one of their sons, 
called Jere Neuville for his grandfather, is now, fifty years later, the vice-president of the Georgia Press Association 
which has just celebrated its Golden Jubilee in the old capital city where it was born. 


WHITE-CONN-MOORE, 1806 


Thirty-Five 










SCOTT-CARTER-FURMAN-SMITH—1806 


OLDEST HOME IN BALDWIN COUNTY 


S OON after Milledgeville was established as the new 
capital of Georgia in 1803, General John (or Jack) 
Scott came to Georgia from Virginia and obtained a 
grant of land about five miles south of Milledgeville. He 
built the first ‘‘frame house” in Milledgeville about 1804, 
but decided he wanted to live out of town, so turned 
his attention to the building of another “frame house” 
at Scottsboro, which was named for him. This was in 
180b. 

This house and the big plantation were bought by 
Colonel Farrish Carter about 1813 and in 1820, many 
rooms and porches were added to the original structure. 
Wishing to make this his permanent home and desiring 
congenial neighbors, Colonel Carter conceived the happy 
idea of making presents of building lots to many of his 
friends. Among these were the Hartridges of Savannah, 
the Mells, the Cullens, Miss Maria McDonald and 
Miss Catherine McDonald (sisters of Mrs. Carter and 
relatives of Governor Charles J. McDonald) and Judge 
A. H. Hansell, a young lawyer. Scottsboro came to be 
known as a summer resort and many people who lived 
in the southern part of the state, particularly Savannah, 
would come by coach and family carriage, with their 
servants, to spend the hot months and avoid contracting 
yellow fever. 

Sherwood’s Gazetteer of Georgia (1837) states: 
“Scottsboro is a delightful summer residence. It is diffi¬ 
cult to conceive of a more quiet retreat from the bustle 
of the capital (Milledgeville). The society is intelligent, 
refined and hospitable.” 


The voices of children, the soft laughter of lovely 
girls, the long halls filled with visitors on gala occasions, 
with servants to anticipate every wish, was a picture 
painted by those who knew this home of the Carters. 
Many said there were at least twenty house servants. 

A daughter of Farrish Carter married Dr. John H. 
Furman of South Carolina and to them were born John 
and Farrish Carter Furman (1846). This last named 
young man married the oldest daughter of Joseph Le- 
Conte, and there were born to them two daughters, Kate 
and Bessie. These young ladies married John R. L. 
Smith and J. R. Talley of Macon. Their families and 
the mother, Mrs. Furman, would spend the week-ends 
and summers at this delightful old home. It now belongs 
to the Smiths, who still use it for vacations. 

The old home stands today as if in a dream, remem¬ 
bering the things that used to be. A long hedge of flower¬ 
ing quince lends vivid beauty to the place where the 
wonderful old gardens once stood. In many of the rooms 
the heavy curtains and old furniture are still as they were 
in those far away times, and old, old books sleep upon 
the shelves as if waiting for some hand to wake them. A 
little jenny-wren recently crept under the old back door 
and built her nest in an ancient game bag, knowing that 
the mistress would not disturb her. 

An old clock watches from the stair landing, and one 
almost expects to see a young girl in hoopskirts come 
tripping down to greet the visitors and entertain them 
until “mother” is ready to appear. Dreams of the long 
ago, come in such a home. 


Thirty-Six 












WILLI AMS-JONES-FERGUSON—1818 


WISTERIA OVER A HUNDRED YEARS OLD 


N O OTHER home in historic Milledgeville could have 
served h so beautifully as a background for an ante-bel¬ 
lum celebration during the Georgia Bicentennial, as that 
which is owned by Mrs. David Ferguson. Attics were ran¬ 
sacked and the old cedar trees, from which hang festoons 
of wisteria over a hundred years old, and the fragrant box¬ 
wood bordered walks, again saw the arrival of dainty 
forms in hoopskirts and brocades, and gallant gentlemen 
in knee trousers and buckled shoon. And again, the big 
halls resounded with laughter as the festivities commenced 
with a grand march all around. 

The old Williams home was built in 1818 by Peter J. 
Williams, the grandfather of Mrs. Ferguson, and was a 
gift to his lovely bride, Lucinda Parke, of Greensboro. 
Like all industrious young wives, seeking to make her home 
more beautiful still, she straightway planned and planted 
a lovely garden. True to the conventions of that day, 
she used the boxwood to form designs in the front yard, 
and planted wisteria at the base of the cedar trees. 1 oday, 
in the springtime, when the west wind blows and swings 
those long garlands of purple bloom above the boxwood 
hedges, one might imagine that lovely Lucinda walks again 
among the things she planted and is glad of the happiness 
they give in these modern days. 

In this house six generations have lived. Lucinda’s moth¬ 
er came to stay with her daughter after the husband and 
father was called to his reward. The son of Lucinda and 
father of Mrs. Ferguson then owned the home. Later it 
belonged to Susan Williams who married Mr. Jack Jones, 
but soon after igoo it came into the possession of Mr. and 
Mrs. Ferguson. In this home their daughters and a little 


granddaughter lived, making the six generations. 

Built with twenty-two rooms and an attic, this old place 
has been kept in wonderful repair. They built houses in 
those days to last, and there is one huge beam, sixty feet 
long and twelve inches square, which runs the length of 
the back porch and as yet no sign of decay has been seen. 
To make it more intriguing, the house boasts a ghost, and 
a buried treasure is among its fascinating stories. From its 
old stone steps, the famous Baldwin Blues, (Military Com¬ 
pany) organized in 1848, received their battle flag from the 
hands of Miss Frances Williams, afterwards Mrs. Charl¬ 
ton Way. Mrs. Charles Williams (Mary Howard of 
Columbus) with other ladies of that city, helped inaugu¬ 
rate the South’s Memorial Day. 

This home is filled with almost priceless furniture and 
paintings, some having come down through the genera¬ 
tions, and a great deal was collected by Mr. and Mrs. 
Ferguson when they lived in New York City. Here Mr. 
Ferguson was an editor and Mrs. Ferguson was a well 
known writer for the newspapers. She is now preparing 
a history of Baldwin County. 

Somewhere in the gardens among other wonderful 
things, there grow two spikenard trees, one blue and one 
pink—the last very, very rare. This is the spikenard spoken 
of in the Bible from which incense and precious ointment 
were made. Deep and fragrant thoughts they bring of that 
Holy Land beyond the sea. 

Mrs. Ferguson and her daughter, Elizabeth, reside in 
this ancestral home and are most generous in sharing with 
others the joy that such a home can bring. The house is 
one of the show places of the old capital city. 


Thirty-Seven 









JARRETT-SCOTT-SMITH—1830 


"THE CEDARS" 


A LL roads led to Milledgeville when it was the capital 
of Georgia and many families owned plantations which 
were used as summer homes, and a “town house” to 
which they might repair during the winter season when 
the capital was gay. Such a place was the home of Dr. 
William A. Jarrett, built about 1830, which he inherited 
from his father. To this home, Dr. Jarrett brought his 
bride, Eliza Martin of Macon. 

Called “The Cedars” because of a circular driveway 
bordered on either side by these tall trees, this home be¬ 
came the gathering place for the aristocracy of the state 
during the winter season. There were five generations of 
this family to live in the old home. 

Dr. Jarrett brought to Milledgeville an Irish gardener 
by the name of Mr. Patrick Kane, who designed and laid 
off the handsome gardens which occupied almost an entire 
block. It is said that this same gardener also designed the 
gardens of the old Jordan place, “Westover”. Mr. Kane 
was killed during the war by enemy soldiers while he 
was guarding the country home of the Jarretts. The 
gardens were beautiful with giant oaks, cedars, rare 
shrubs, summer houses covered with wisteria, fruits and 
Howers. 

General John Scott, the builder of the “first frame 
house” in Baldwin County, was the grandfather of Wil¬ 
liam Sinclair Scott who married Annie Eliza Jarrett, the 
daughter of this home. There were six children: Lily St. 
Clair, who married (1) Dr. Edward Cason, (2) W. A. 
Reeves of LaGrange; Lenore, who died in infancy; Min¬ 
nie, who married W. S. Bennett; Fannie Herty, William 


and Oliver who died in infancy. After the death of the 
father and mother, the home was broken up, and eventual¬ 
ly the place was divided into lots and sold. The old house 
was moved near the street where its back fence once stood. 

Today, “The Cedars” is the property of Miss Hallie 
Claire Smith who has been connected with The Georgia 
State College for Women (in the English Department) 
for a number of years. A graduate of LaGrange College, 
where her grandfather, Rufus Wright Smith was the 
president for thirty years, Miss Smith has her degree from 
Emory University. 

It is interesting to note that Rev. Elijah St. Clair, 
great-grandfather of William Sinclair (St. Clair) Scott, 
was one of the founders of Wesleyan College, and that 
two uncles of Miss Smith were closely connected with 
this college: O. L. Smith, president from 1852 to 1858, 
and later president of Emory; and Cosby, a professor at 
Wesleyan for forty years. The last named was a great 
friend of Sidney Lanier. Miss Smith’s father, Eula B. 
Smith was a noted educator at both LaGrange and 
Emory College in Oxford, and her grandmother taught 
at the Madison Female College and the Southern Ma¬ 
sonic Female College in Covington. She also studied 
mathematics and astronomy with Dr. Alexander Means, 
the first inventor of the electric light (1857). 

One stops to admire the huge front door in this old 
home; it is of the Crusader’s Cross style, and the lower 
panel has what one speaks of as “The Open Bible”. Miss 
Smith’s appreciation is shown by her pride in being the 
fortunate owner of this old southern home, which she 
plans to gradually restore. 


Thirty-Eight 








































BOYKIN-WHITAKER-SHINHOLSER—1830 


"BOYKIN HALL" 


IVIAJOR FRANCIS BOYKIN, a North Carolinian, 
IfX who served with Nathaniel Greene during the Revo¬ 
lutionary War, became the owner of a large tract of land 
east of the Oconee River (1785), about twelve miles 
from where Milledgeville was laid off in 1803. At his 
death, (1821) one of his sons, Dr. Samuel Boykin, who 
lived in Milledgeville, gave up his practice to manage 
this plantation and was most successful. He was first to 
demonstrate that sugar could be made in this section, by 
growing splendid sugar cane, and is mentioned for this 
feat in Adiel Sherwood’s Gazetteer of 1829. 

In 1830, Dr. Boykin built a two story Colonial home, 
which was known as “The White House” because of the 
fact that it was the only house in the settlement which 
was painted. But the doctor decided to move to Columbus 
about 1836 and sold his home to a kinsman, William 
Whitaker, who continued to cultivate the soil. After Mr. 
Whitaker’s death, his widow and children lived there for 
a time, and when she passed away, the plantation was 
divided into four parts, each of the four children drawing 
lots to see which part fell to them. The plantation upon 
which this home had been built fell to Samuel E. Whit¬ 
aker, the father of Mrs. Henry Dawson Allen, of Mil¬ 
ledgeville, and this was her childhood home. In 1935, 
Mrs. Allen, who was Miss Sarah Canty Whitaker, was 
named Baldwin County’s most distinguished citizen and 
was presented a certificate to this effect by the Inter¬ 


national Kiwanis, as this honor had been conferred upon 
her through the local Kiwanis organization. 

After the War Between the States this plantation passed 
out of the possession of the Whitaker family and is now 
owned by Mr. and Mrs. John Shinholser, the plantation 
going by the name of Indian Island Farm and Ranch. 
Mr. Shinholser’s grand-parents lived in Scottsboro over 
a hundred years ago, when it was noted as a summer 
resort, and although he was born in Wilkinson County, 
he has lived most of his life in Baldwin. 

M rs. Shinholser, who was Miss Hallie McHenry of 
Madison, Georgia, a charming gracious woman, is an 
artist of considerable note. Although the Shinholsers do 
not now live in this home, which they call “Boykin Hall”, 
they are doing much to restore the old ante-bellum house. 
Not far from “Boykin Hall”, they have a modern dwelling 
where old Southern hospitality still holds sway. On this 
Indian Island Plantation, there is an artesian well, the 
only flowing well in Baldwin County. The water from 
this well forms a big swimming pool, which is one of 
the many attractions of the Plantation. There are also 
many Indian Mounds on this historic place. 

Not far from “Boykin Hall” is the burial ground of the 
Boykin and Whitaker families. Here lies the body of 
Major Francis Boykin, a Revolutionary ancestor of the 
late Miss Mildred Rutherford of Athens, an educator 
and historian of note. 


Thirty-Nine 
































WARD-BEALL-CLINE—1830 


WAS ONCE USED AS GOVERNOR'S MANSION 


O NE resolution passed in the House of Representatives 
of the State of Georgia, in 1838, was that the com¬ 
mittee which had the building of the Mansion in charge 
be authorized to rent a residence for the Governor until 
the Mansion was ready for occupancy. Then it was re¬ 
corded that rent was paid to one, H. P. Ward, (1838) 
and the second year, (1839) rent was paid to Jeremiah 
Beall, for the same house, which had changed hands. This 
home that was rented stood on the southern side of the 
Mansion Square, and is the one which came into the 
possession of Peter J. Cline soon after the War Between 
the States. 

The wonderful columns which are solid and hand 
carved—and the four front rooms, both up stairs and 
down, are parts of this original home, which was greatly 
damaged by fire at one time, and other rooms and porches 
have been added. 

Peter J. Cline was born in Augusta, Georgia, and came 
to Milledgeville soon after the War Between the States. 
Later, after having spent several years in Macon, he re¬ 
turned to Milledgeville which he made his home until 
his death in 1916. Mr. Cline was twice married; first, 
to Miss Kate L. Treanor, and bv this marriage there 
were seven children: Hugh, Peter, John, Theodore, Bern¬ 
ard, Mary and Pearce. Mr. Cline’s second wife was Miss 
Margaret Ida Treanor, both she and the first wife being 
daughters of Huge D. and Joannah Treanor of Milledge¬ 
ville. By this second marriage there were nine children: 
Conden, Katie, Robert, Frank, Louis, Cleo, Regina, Ag¬ 
nes, and Herbert. 

One of Milledgeville’s highly honored and most re¬ 


spected citizens, Mr. Cline was for many years mayor of 
the city, and it was during one of his terms that the 
water system was installed; he was also one of the stock¬ 
holders of the first electric lighting plant; a member of 
the Board of Trustees of The Georgia Military College 
and a director in the Milledgeville Banking Company. 

Mr. Hugh Cline, and Misses Mary and Katie still 
live in this home which was once the residence of a Geor¬ 
gia Governor, and their love for it and pride in the hand¬ 
some old pieces of furniture which have come into their 
possession is understandable. 

There is a quaint and handsome old lamp post, which 
proudly guards the front of this home. No one knows 
how old it is or where its light once gleamed, for it came 
from Georgia’s first capital, Savannah, and was a present 
to the Clines from a relative. It had been found under 
an old house, and how many years it had been there will 
never be known. 

A most unique and very unusual “chandelier” which 
hangs in the front hall of this home is what they once 
called a “candle lamp.” It has a huge cut-glass bowl, 
with a design of bunches of grapes, and is set in a wrought 
iron frame. In the bottom there is an iron holder to sup¬ 
port candles which furnished the light. In the drawing 
room there stands an old concert grand piano which once 
belonged to General Stith Myrick. 

The unique open-work brick wall seen in the picture 
above, so typical of that day and time, once enclosed the 
entire block on which this historic home stands; all these 
brick were hand-made. 


Forty 













WILLI AMS-ORME-CRAWFORD—1822 


DOORWAYS MOST PERFECT EXAMPLE 


“T CAME to see the ‘cuddy-hole’, one visitor said when 
the door of Mrs. C. P. Crawford’s home opened at her 
knock. So, this visitor went up the lovely winding stairs— 
then up another stairway into the attic, and a small door 
was opened. It was as dark as the proverbial pitch, but 
this visitor knew that somewhere far, far back in that aw¬ 
ful gloom, a handsome young Confederate officer once 
hid for days while Sherman’s Army occupied the old capi¬ 
tal city, and that down stairs in the guest room, there 
slept a Federal officer sent to guard the house. 

Romance in the Old South! This young Confederate 
officer was the husband of a daughter of the house, and 
was home on leave. He hid in the cemetery, hoping to es¬ 
cape, but there were so many enemy soldiers about, this 
was impossible. So, he returned in the dead of night to 
creep up to this “cuddy-hole” where he remained a week. 

Because the mother of Mrs. C. P. Crawford (Mrs. 
Richard McAllister Orme) was born in the North (the 
daughter of John Adams, president of Phillips Academy 
at Andova) General Sherman had sent this young officer, 
Captain Henry Ward Beecher, to protect her home. Mrs. 
Orme answered a knock, and the young officer introduced 
himself. “Are you Tom’s son or William’s?” was the 
question which greeted the startled young fellow. In her 
girlhood, Mrs. Orme had been reared in the same town 
as these two boys, and here one of her childhood friend’s 
sons had been sent to mount guard. He was the nephew 
of the famous Henry Ward Beecher. The young lover- 
husband ? Of course, he escaped. 

In this wonderful old home was entertained the famous 
violinist, Ole Bull, who used a diamond studded bow, and 


gave Mrs. Orme a private recital because she was unable 
to attend the one that he had presented for the members 
of the State Legislature and specially invited guests. Ole 
Bull’s violin case had a cover which had been embroidered 
by the ladies of a European Court. 

Richard McAllister Orme was born in Maryland and 
moved with his family to Georgia in 1813. In 1815 young 
Richard came to Milledgeville and started to work in the 
printing office of Seaton and Fleming Grantland. In 1820 
he and Seaton Grantland started the Southern Recorder. 
In 1825 Mr. Orme married Jean Moncure Paine, of 
Richmond, Virginia, and there were four children. Mr. 
Orme’s second marriage was to Mrs. Ashby Adams Ed- 
garton, in 1842, and there were five children. Ann Ripley, 
who married C. P. Crawford, is the only living child, and 
owns this home which is filled with almost priceless heir¬ 
looms. 

It was in 1820 that this home was built by John Wil¬ 
liams and bought by Mr. Orme in 1836. A gentleman who 
was greatly interested in the life of the old capital city, 
Mr. Orme entertained in his home all the noted men of 
that time: Stephens, Hill, Toombs and others. 

Mrs. Crawford has two daughters: Mrs. Abbie Milton, 
the well known club woman of Chattanooga, and Mrs. 
J. C. Sallee of Milledgeville, who also lives in this home. 
Mrs. Crawford talks interestingly of her many experiences, 
and chuckles as she relates what General Gleason told 
Sherman (after he had been to pay his respects to Mrs. 
Orme, “the lady from the North.”) “They call her a Yan¬ 
kee, but she is a d- Rebel.” 


Forty-One 



















MITCHELL-McCOMB—1823 


BUILT BY GOVERNOR MITCHELL 


O NE of the oldest homes in Baldwin County has the 
distinction of having been erected by a Chief Execu¬ 
tive of Georgia, David Bradie Mitchell, who served this 
state as its ninth governor. He was born in Scotland, 1766, 
and came to Georgia at the age of seventeen. He was so¬ 
licitor-general in 1795; a representative to the Legislature 
in 1796; major-general of the militia in 1804, and gov¬ 
ernor from 1809 to 1817, resigning then to accept an ap¬ 
pointment from the President of the United States as agent 
to the Creek Indians. 

About seven miles northeast of Milledgeville, the old 
Mitchell house stands, and the date “1823” is stamped on 
the gutters. Here Governor Mitchell lived until his death 
in 1837, and at this time the home was sold to Robert 
McComb. Governor Mitchell’s widow and her son came 
into Milledgeville to live, and many remembered her as a 
picturesque figure in a black silk dress with a flowing skirt, 
a white lawn handkerchief crossed on her breast and a 
Martha Washington cap. A dozen years ago, one of the 
oldest ladies of this city spoke of how, as a child, she had 
watched with awe this Governor’s wife “use snuff”, by 
daintly sniffing it from between her thumb and finger, 
taking it from a silver snuff box. This lady also remem¬ 
bered her aunts going to the parties given at “Mount 
Nebo”, which was the name Governor Mitchell had given 
his home. There was a story that went with the house— 
about a ghost. Often, the figure of a young woman would 
stand on the upper balcony, waiting. For whom? No one 
knows. But we hear that the lightning rods on the old 


house were tipped with gold—some said they were gold 
dollars. 

After Robert McComb came into possession of this 
home and plantation, it came to be called “McComb’s 
Mount.” Robert McComb married beautiful Camilla San¬ 
ford, who, as a child had been a flower girl at the time of 
La Fayette’s visit in 1825. For many years his family re¬ 
sided at this place and it is still in the possession of a Mc¬ 
Comb heir, for at Annie McComb Chandler’s death “The 
Mount” fell into the hands of her son, Frank Chandler. 

For generations “McComb’s Mount” was noted for its 
hospitality and now-a-days many men and women still 
tell of the wonderful picnics and splendid entertainments 
which they attended as members of the younger set of that 
by-gone day. 

Once, when “The Mount” was used just as a summer 
home, two old negroes, Uncle Ned and Aunt Silvy were 
the caretakers. Uncle Ned had been brought by the Mc¬ 
Comb family from Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 
with other slaves, but alas! Aunt Silvy had been left be¬ 
hind. Years afterward, a wagon load of slaves, passing 
through Milledgeville for points south, stopped in front 
of a hotel. Uncle Ned happened to be in the neighborhood 
and spied his wife among them. Hilarious with joy he ran 
as fast as he could to tell his “marster”. Of course the 
story ended happily. “Marster” bought Aunt Silvy, and the 
couple were reunited—to live happily ever afterward at 
“McComb’s Mount.” 


Forty-Two 












ROCKWELL-PRINCE-JOHNSON-MYRICK-MORRIS-BLAND-ENNIS—1830 


HOME OF GOVERNOR JOHNSON 


A HANDSOME home at Midway, where Old Ogle¬ 
thorpe University was located, is still sometimes called 
‘‘The Rockwell Mansion,” although it has been owned as 
a home by seven different families. Col. W. S. Rockwell 
came to Milledgeville, Georgia, from Portland, Maine, 
and brought with him, Mr. Joseph Lane, Sr., to fulfil a 
contract to build a house. Mr. Lane later built Old 
Oglethorpe University, which was completed in 1838. 
This Rockwell home must have been built about 1830, 
since it was owned by the Rockwells, and later sold to 
Oliver Hillhouse Prince, who lived in it, and who, in 
1835, returning home from New York by water, accom¬ 
panied by his wife, was lost in a storm at sea. Mr. Prince 
was a Connecticut man, but came as a young man to Ma¬ 
con where he practiced law. He moved to Milledgeville in 
1828 and was editor of The Georgia Journal. Some of his 
brilliant writings are preserved in Longstreet’s “Georgia 
Scenes.” 

Later this palatial home was owned by Herschel V. 
Johnson, Governor of Georgia in 1853, and when he 
gave it up, it passed into the hands of General Stith Par¬ 
ham, Myrick, born in Baldwin County on his father’s 
plantation in 1815. He was appointed Brigadier-General of 
the Georgia Militia by Governor Crawford, in 1844 and 
during the War Between the States raised and equipped 
a company known as The Myrick Volunteers. General 
Myrick was twice married—his first wife, Miss Peebles, 
leaving one child, Mary Elizabeth, who married H. K. 
Daniel, of Americus. A grandchild, Lila Daniel, was the 


first wife of Dr. L. M. Jones, for many years head of 
the State Hospital. General Myrick’s second wife was 
Miss Elizabeth Dowell, of Alabama, and there were two 
sons: James, who married Miss Thulia Kate Whitehurst 
of Wilkinson County and Goodwin, who married Miss 
Elizabeth Hawkins, of Milledgeville. 

For many years the house was owned by a family from 
New York by the name of Morris who would spend the 
summers there, and the old home would be gay with many 
visitors. It was next owned by the late Mr. Marshall 
Bland, a well known citizen of Milledgeville, Mr. Bland 
was connected with the New York Life Insurance Com¬ 
pany for over forty years. 

Mr. Oscar Ennis and his family now live in “The Rock¬ 
well Mansion,” Mr. Ennis buying the property from Mr. 
Bland. Mr. En nis is a merchant-farmer and served on the 
Baldwin County Board of Education for many years. He 
is now chairman of the Board of County Commissioners, 
and his oldest son, Marion, is a prominent young lawyer 
of Milledgeville. Mr. Ennis married Miss Marie Gil¬ 
more, of Washington County, and they have four children : 
Marion, Jordan, Frances and Evelyn. All of the Ennis 
family take great pride in their historic home and visitors 
are frequently carried out to enjoy a glimpse of its stately 
beauty. 

The old iron fence which encloses the grounds, together 
with the magnificent gateways, are said to have cost as 
much as the house. There is a sweeping lawn with many 
trees, mostly magnolias. 


Forty-Three 
















SANFORD-POWELL-BINION—1825 


FOURTEEN COLUMNS LEND DIGNITY TO THIS HOME 


I N THE days when Georgia’s frontiers still had to be 
patrolled by soldiers, there was a Baldwin County man 
who was appointed by Governor Gilmer to command the 
Guards sent to North Georgia to protect the State’s gold 
mines, and this man was General John W. A. Sanford, 
and the date was 1831. 

One of the cherished possessions of the Museum in the 
Library of the Georgia State College for Women is a 
book which was presented to this Museum by Mrs. Lamar 
Ham, who has in her possession many old letters which 
had been handed down for generations in the Sanford fam¬ 
ily. This book is in General Sanford’s handwriting and is 
a report (weekly) to Governor Gilmer concerning the 
General’s work in North Georgia. All headings are “Agen¬ 
cy of Scudder’s Cherokee Frontier”. Written on the fly 
leaf is a remedy for diphtheria. 

General Sanford was born in 1798, on land which was 
later in Baldwin County. He died at his home in Mil- 
ledgeville in 1870. He married Marvanne Ridley Blount 
of Virginia, and had four sons: Eugene, John W. A. Jr., 
Theodore, and Richard. He was a Yale man, and was a 
great lover of flowers nd shrubs. When he erected the 
original Sanford home, somewhere in the eighteen-twen¬ 
ties, he had the garden landscaped and many green-houses 
built. Magnificent boxwood bordered all the paths, and a 
story is told how his wife, when the home was built, daily 
decided that more columns should be added. Starting with 
four, it rose to fourteen. The General would chuckle and 


say “Got to sell another slave, my wife wants four more 
columns.” These beautiful columns are those on the home 
now owned by Dr. and Mrs. Richard Binion, as the San¬ 
ford house was reconstructed by Mrs. Binion’s grandfath¬ 
er, Dr. T. O. Powell, when he bought it about 1890. 

Dr. Theophilus O. Powell was born in Brunswick 
County Virginia, in 1837 and came with his parents to 
Hancock County when he was six years of age. He was a 
young doctor when the War Between the States began, 
and enlisted as a private, but in 1862 was sent to be an as¬ 
sistant physician at the State Sanitarium and was made its 
head in 1879. In 1886 he was requested by the State Legis¬ 
lature to submit a report of his “investigations as to the 
increase of insanity in this state,” and in 1897, as president 
of the American Medico-psychological Association, he de¬ 
livered an address “Psychiatry in the Southern States,” 
which placed him high on the roll of honor accorded the 
leading men of medicine. He was superintendent of the 
Milledgeville State Hospital until his death in 1907. 

Dr. Powell married in i860, Miss Frances Birdsong, 
of Hancock County, and there were two children: Julia, 
(Mrs. P. A. West), who died several years ago, and 
Harriet, (Mrs. John Conn), who at her death, left one 
daughter, Frances, now Mrs. Richard Binion. Dr. and 
Mrs. Binion with their two children, Frances and Rich¬ 
ard, Jr., live in this beautiful home, Dr. Binion came here 
from Hancock County, and is head of the Baldwin Me¬ 
morial Hospital in this city. 


Forty-Four 




* 


TUCKER-HOLLINSHE AD-HATCHER—1839 



"LOCKERLEY” NAMED FOR ANCESTRAL HOME 


S TATELY and dignified it stands, this ante-bellum 
home built around 1839 by Judge Daniel R. Tucker, a 
South Carolinian. Brought to Georgia by his parents when 
he was but three years of age, Judge Tucker came to Mil- 
ledgeville as a young man in 1830. About this time he 
was married to Miss Martha Goode, eldest daughter of 
Judge Mackiness Goode. 

It is said that the brick used in this old home were 
made by slave labor, and at the same time as those manu¬ 
factured for the State Hospital. The house is two stories 
and a basement, with six large Doric columns across the 
front and a small upper balcony, a particularly lovely feat¬ 
ure of an ante-bellum home. It has often been spoken of as 
one of the most perfect specimens of its type in the state, 
and in its setting of trees—cedar, elm, oak and magnolia— 
brings a dream of the days when the beaux and belles of 
the Old South assembled in its halls. 

In 1886 this home came into the possession of George 
Wiggins Hollinshead, who was born and reared in Bald¬ 
win County. He married Miss Frances Martha Ham¬ 
mond, daughter of John Hammond. In this home their 
children were reared: Caroline Walton married Latimer; 
Frances Hammond married Bell; Sallie Mae Clarke mar¬ 
ried Asbury; Mary Ella (died in girlhood) ; Clara-mar¬ 
ried Shivers; Marion Hammond married Vickers; George 
W. Jr. married Clara Richardson; Martha Hammond 
(died in infancy). , 

It was during the year 1928 that the old home was 


broken up as all the children had married and moved away. 
It passed into the hands of Mr. and Mrs. Reginald W. 
Hatcher, both of whom were imbued with the love of 
things pertaining to the Old South, and to own such a 
treasure as this filled them with deep satisfaction. 

The hall as you enter, is spacious, the staircase broad, 
with railing and balusters of mahogany, with the risers 
enameled as white veined marble and the doors are of solid 
walnut. The house throughout is furnished to tie up with 
the period in which it was built, and one feels on entering 
as if a step has been made into the past—a hundred years. 

This lovely home is called “Lockerley” after the an¬ 
cestral home of the owner in England. Mr. Hatcher is 
a Georgian, and Mrs. Hatcher was Miss Lucy Murchison 
Wright of Virginia. Three lovely daughters and a son 
make up the family of young folks who frequently enter¬ 
tain their friends at this home. Lucy and Weathersby 
may be seen in period dress on the porch in the picture 
above; Lois is the youngest girl, and Reginald, Jr., is the 
son. 

A handsome, handmade charcoal-iron fence which came 
from England, stretches across the front of the big lawn, 
and at the entrance of the circular drive a gateway—a re¬ 
production of the St. Michael’s Churchyard gate in 
Charleston will be placed. So perfectly have all repairs 
been made to restore this place to its former perfection, 
that one feels assured that everything must be just as it was 
nearly one hundred years ago. 


Forty-Five 









HARRIS-H ALL-VINSON—1832 


BUILT BY MAN WHOM SHERMAN WISHED TO CAPTURE 


W HEN, in 1832, Judge Iverson Louis Harris built 
a home for his young wife, in Milledgeville, another 
plan was to provide a shaded street down which he might 
make his way to his office in the business part of the 
capital city. His thoughtfulness resulted in the double 
row of wonderful trees which for over a hundred years 
have stood on either side of Clarke Street, on the west, 
and Hancock, on the south, of the Georgia State College 
for Women campus. Judge Harris bought about five 
blocks of land, because he wished ground for orchards 
and gardens to surround his home. The block on which 
this home stands, and those on which stand the homes of 
Mr. L. C. Hall, Dr. Tom Hall and Mr. Louis Andrews, 
were all once part of his estate. These three gentlemen are 
his grandsons. 

Judge Harris was born in 1805 in Watkinsville Geor¬ 
gia, the son of Ann Byne and Augustine Harris, (both 
from Colonial Virginia families), who came to Milledge¬ 
ville when this son was quite small. At sixteen he entered 
old Franklin College—now the University of Georgia— 
from which he graduated in 1823. His oration for this 
occasion was entitled “Corruption in Government” and 
made an enemy for life of Governor John Clark, who was 
on the stage at this time. 

In 1826 Judge Harris married Mary Euphemia Davies, 
daughter of Federal Judge William Davies of Savannah, 
and began his practice of law. During his career he was 
several times secretary of the senate, and introduced the 
bill in the Legislature to build the Georgia Lunatic 
Asylum, now the Milledgeville State Hospital. He w T as 
an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court also Superior 


Court Judge of Georgia for many years, and held this 
position at the time of his death in 1876. 

Judge and Mrs. Harris reared a family of twelve 
children, and he lived in this home until his death. His 
widow and a daughter made it their home until both of 
them passed away. The home was then occupied by a 
grandson, Hansell Hall, and his family until about fifteen 
years ago, when it was bought by Congressman Carl Vin¬ 
son. 

Judge Harris was always active politically and in 1852 
vigorously supported for President, his friend, General 
Scott, with whom he had been associated during the 
Cherokee Indian Insurrection. He once refused to allow 
his Biography to appear in a New York periodical be¬ 
cause it had used articles of like nature about several 
prominent members of the bar whom he considered lacking 
in integrity. During the War Between the States, Judge 
Harris’ name headed the list of men Sherman was anxious 
to capture, and he was forced to remain in hiding near 
Louisville until Sherman had passed on to Savannah. 

This quaint old home fell into understanding hands 
when it became the property of Congressman and Mrs. 
Carl Vinson. Only such changes as were necessary to 
make it more modern for convenience and comfort were 
made, and Mrs. Vinson’s splendid taste in the furnishings 
have kept the atmosphere of the old home just as it 
should be. Mr. Vinson was born and reared in Baldwin 
County and is now serving his twelfth consecutive term 
as Congressman from first, the Tenth District, and later 
the Sixth, since Baldwin was transferred. 


Forty-Six 








SANCTUARY ON HARRIS ESTATE 


MOST INTERESTING PRIVATE SANCTUARY. IN THE SOUTH 


M OST people love birds because of their brilliant plum- 
aye or sweet songs, but to Dr. T. M. Hall, who 
has made a Bird Sanctuary out of a corner of his grand¬ 
father’s back yard (Judge I. L. Harris), which now be¬ 
longs to him, every bird which makes its home at “Bird 
Haven”, becomes a friend. ^ ears of bird study have made 
the doctor an authority concerning the habits of many of 
the feathered tribe, and this Sanctuary is one of the show 
spots of Milledgeville. 

Dr. Hall once read of a man taming birds by means 
of a “dummy”, so he set his wits to work to devise some 
way of gaining the confidence of the birds in his yard. 
He made two “dummies”, dressing one to resemble him¬ 
self, even to eye glasses. He put this “dummy” into a 
rustic chair, placing feed in the brim of its hat, in its 
hands, on its feet and in a bowl beside it. It was not long 
before the doctor was able to take the “dummy’s” place, 
and he even managed to get pictures of the different birds 
perched on his head, by means of a mirror and a string 
to pull the shutter of the camera. In one of these pictures, 
two Brown Thrashers seemed about to fight, each had its 
mouth open wide, or maybe they were about to sing. In 
another, there were four birds, one on his hat, another 
on his ankle, the third on his hand and one feeding be¬ 
side him. 

One learns from this “bird-man” that the Brown 
Thrasher—the Georgia State Bird—will run across the 
yard to hop into his hand; that the Cat Bird will come 
to his call, but is not so friendly; that the Red Headed 
Woodpecker’s feet are not built like other birds because 


he has to hold to a post or a tree while he is at work, 
and that it is funny to see how awkward he is when try¬ 
ing to learn to stand with the other birds at the feeding 
station. 

Dr. Hall has found the Blue Bird to be the most in¬ 
telligent of all the birds that have nested in his Sanctuary. 
For six years the same couple have made their home here, 
and there are five Blue Bird houses in “Bird Haven”. 
This couple take it turn about, building first in one and 
then in the other, always rearing three broods each season. 
The doctor says that these birds will not allow their 
young ones to come to the earth until they have learned 
to fly enough to avoid Friend Cat. So tame is this couple, 
that for many years they have come to the doctor’s call— 
teaching each brood to do the same—to get “corn borers”, 
the only worms they like, others having been offered and 
refused. Almost every day friends and visitors will come 
to “Bird Haven” bearing gifts of “corn borers” in order 
to see the marvelous sight of Papa and Mama Blue Bird 
with four little Blue Birds fly down at the doctor’s call 
to feast on these titbits. 

Up to the middle of July this year there have been 
seventy-eight varieties of birds at this Sanctuary, the most 
unusual being the Scarlet Tanager and the Yellow- 
throated Wabbler. The Titmouse is so tame that the 
doctor can take her from the nest and stroke her back. 

Dr. A. A. White, a noted ornithologist from Cornell 
University was in Milledgeville during the past year and 
spent hours at “Bird Haven”, and was greatly surprised 
that such a place existed. 


Forty-Seven 







MADE A BIRD SANCTUARY—1934 


OLD CAPITAL CITY PROTECTS ITS FEATHERED FRIENDS 


T HAT the City Council voted to make Milledgeville a 
Bird Sanctuary in 1934 was the natural outcome of ac¬ 
cumulated interest in bird life and its preservation. Many 
things contributed to make this interest active, foremost 
being the Audubon Society which was organized in 1930; 
the Garden Club, a slightly older organization, and the 
fact that a course in ornithology has been offered for 
many years at The Georgia State College for Women in 
this city. The lovers of birds, of whom there are many, 
were glad to have these students visit their yards during 
the hours it was likely they might find the greatest num¬ 
ber and variety of the feathered tribe. So it was not sur¬ 
prising that the City Fathers were in thorough accord 
when the matter was presented to them through a member 
of the Audubon Society who was also a city councilman— 
and The Old Capital was declared a bird sanctuary. To¬ 
gether, the Council and the Society, had signs made and 
placed at the main entrances of the city, to tell the glad 
news to all people who might come our way. 

The Audubon Society is affiliated with the National 
Association of Audubon Societies, and a yearly bird 
census is taken in co-operation with this organization. 
This club has also brought outside speakers to lecture, and 
bird books have been presented by them to the various 
schools for the use of the children. This last feature of 
active work is most valuable, for only by arousing the love 
of the children and instilling in them a desire to protect 


our bird friends can it be hoped that the foundation laid 
will be built upon. 

A unique and pleasing story was circulated in this city 
shortly after the Council voted to protect its birds, The 
rumor spread that several Robin Red Breasts were building 
nests in various parts of the town—something almost un¬ 
heard of. This rumor proved true when run to earth for 
many witnessed a Mother Robin fly away from her nest, 
which had been built in a tree at the entrance of the 
Mayor’s back yard. 

It may be that many people have become bird conscious; 
that they see more varieties than they did several years 
ago because they are interested and look for them, but it 
is true that never before were there as many feathered 
friends about the town. Bird houses, various types that at¬ 
tract different birds, have been and are being built, and 
feeding stations are in almost every back yard. Berried 
shrubs that will help provide food during the late fall and 
winter have been planted, and thought has been given to 
allow some “thickets” to remain in yard corners so that 
there may be a certain amount of protection, and privacy 
for those birds which wish to hide their nests. 

There have been very few cities to vote themselves 
Bird Sanctuaries, although one reads of many estates 
doing so. The old Town of Milledgeville is most pleased 
to count herself among those few. 


Forty-Eight 





“UNCLE BOB AND AUNT EMMA” 
Died several years ago 
Painting by Frank Stanley Herring 
By Courtesy of High's Museum 
Atlanta, Georgia 


They developed character, they absorbed peace, and radiated 
they won his love with the free gift of their own. 


A TRIBUTE TO FAITHFUL FRIENDS 

IN AN OLD SLAVE CEMETERY 
By Harry Stillwell Edwards 

By Courtesy of the Atlanta Journal 

These people were slaves. 

Their ancestors came out of African jungles, their hands 
familiar with spears only. They worked the fields bringing 
forth cotton which found its way out into the world to clothe 
the naked; gift of the savage to civilization. In exchange 
for their labor, they were housed and fed. They had for- 
saked the bush hut thatched with straw, for stout houses of 
logs, well-shingled. Their food of wild roots and berries, 
with occasional raw meat of slain beasts, faded into tradi¬ 
tion. In place thereof, was assured abundance of grain, 
fruits, vegetables of the garden; poultry; meat daily. 

And at night they slept free of alarms; the far cries of 
human enemies; the voice of jungle beasts. No woman, no 
child, perished by fang or claw. 

White men who knew them not preached of their slavery, 
their misery. Women far away wept and mourned for them. 
Forgetting the slavery of their own mill towns; the misery 
of their miner’s hovels. But, under the Southern sun, with 
kind masters and mistresses, these slaves . . . learned of the 
white man’s God, and the graces of civilization. They learned 
of love, and gratitude, and faith, and the beauty of holiness, 
gentleness. They became members of the white man’s family; 


Dead? No! they have changed into a new world . . . the limbs and the branches far above know them. The green 
leaves that twinkle in the moonlight, and glisten in the colors of the sunrise, whisper of them. They are part of the 
auxiliary blossoms opening to the sky; their old hymns and folk songs are in the music of the bird and breeze. 

Has the South forgotten them? Go read the stories her children tell! Hark to the songs, the melodies of the old 
plantation! The South has not forgotten. Nor will she forget. No pen can ever write her story without theirs, her 
foster children. 


JIM'S GRAVE IS MARKED 


From the Southern Recorder, Jan. 9, 1844. Published in Milledgeville. 


“Died in this city on Thursday 28th ult., Jim, a colored man who was at Braddock’s defeat in 1755, supposed to 
be, at his death, 112 years of age; many years a servant of James Thomas, Esq., who was a fellow soldier of La 

Fayette at the Battle of York. . . . Jim leaves a widow, Fanny, a woman whose youngest daughter was a grown wo¬ 

man at the time the British had possession of Savannah. . . . Fanny’s mother visited in the Creek Agency in 1818, where 
she died, age 120.” 

Jim is buried in Baldwin county, in the slave part of the cemetery on the estate belonging to James Thomas, his 

master, with whom he went to war. His grave has been marked. 


Forty-Nine 






APPRECIATION 


The Editor wishes to express the deepest appreciation to those firms, organizations and friends who 
have made the publication of this book possible. 

The Officials of the Georgia State College for Women 
The Officials of the Mii.ledgeville State Hospital 
x The Officials of the Georgia Military College + 

The Officials of the City of Milledgeville 
' x The Officials of the County of Baldwin 

The Oconee Clay Products Company 
The Merchants and Farmers Bank 
The Churches of Milledgeville 
Southern Stages, Incorporated 
The Georgia Power Company 
The First National Bank 
.. The Coca-Cola Company 

The Campus Theatre 

The Exchange Bank t 

The Masonic Lodge 
The Kiwanis Club 



ROCKERY AT “GREENACRE”—home of editor 


Fifty 








APPRECIATION 


Mr. L. N. Jordan 
Hon. Carl Vinson 
Dr. Richard Binion 
Mrs. Henry Dawson Allen 
Mr. and Mrs. James H. Porter 


McMillan Brick Company 

Snow's Laundry, Macon 

Atlantic Ice and Coal Company 

Culver and Kidd 

W. T. Conn Company 

Milledgeville Tel. and Tel. Company 


Baldwin Hotel, J. C. Stiles, Mgr 
Idle Hour Nurseries, Macon 
Natural Gas Corporation 
Rex Cafe 

R. H. Wootten Book Store 
E. E. Bell Company 


Artists 

Eberhart Studios—Pictures 
Alice Atwood Williams—Drawing for Cover 
Frank Stanley Herring—Painting For Frontispiece 
Harry Stillwell Edwards—Litterateur 



THE OLD ROAD—“GREENACRE” 


Fifty -( 




AFTERWORD 


How treasured becomes time when only a few moments remain. How precious become 
words when only a few may be used. 

How much there was to relate, and how small the space to hold it. How beautiful 
were the treasures upon which our thoughts dwelt, and how weak our ability to sketch the 
verbal picture. It is hoped that friends will appreciate the effort and be charitable toward 
the faults. 

A Treasure Album is the outgrowth of writing done to present the historic value of 
Milledgeville and Baldwin County, for the Georgia Bicentennial of 1933. 1 he original 
articles appeared on the Editorial page of The Atlanta Journal, and there came encouraging 
letters from many states. Several suggested that these articles be compiled, so gradually this 
thought grew into the idea of presenting them with illustrations. The encouragement of friends helped this idea grow 
into a reality. 

So great was the material available that it was most difficult to select that to be included in The Album. Under 
the circumstances, it seemed best that all treasures should be at least one hundred years old, and with but few ex¬ 
ceptions, this has been carried out. In the section devoted to Old Homes, one could easily have found fifty or more 
ante-bellum structures that would have graced The Album —but there were but twelve pages available. In most cases, 
those homes having the greatest historic value were chosen. It would be almost too good to be true for friends to agree 
that the choice was wise. 

One cannot live in a splendid town, for almost forty years, without having it grow into one’s heart. One cannot 
study the history of such a town without becoming imbued with pride in having it for a home. Towns are made 
by the people who live in them, and they mould its history; likewise a place leaves impress upon each inhabitant. 
Happy are they who can be proud of the past, and look forward to the future of the town in which they reside. 

Such a town is Milledgeville, and such a county is Baldwin. At no other time of their existence has there been 
so deep a delight in their history; such love for and interest in the treasures they own, or such faith in the fairness of 
their future. 

In studying the history of Milledgeville and Baldwin County, many stories and incidents came to light that are 
well worth the telling. There is mention made of the names of scores of men who helped make history for our Nation; 
names that have been connected with great enterprises which have made the South famous. These highlights and incidents 
alone, would fill a book. Some day, may such a book be written. 

The story (page 27) of the treasures in the homes of M illedgex ille and Baldwin, is far from complete. It was a 
rare treat to be allowed to go into these homes, and hear, from those who own the treasures, the things they had to tell. 
Material for another book could be gathered in this way, and it would read like a marvelous story. 

Another book could deal entirely of the wonderful old furniture that reposes in these homes. With but few ex¬ 
ceptions, no mention is made of furniture in The Album, and these were of historic value. 

In the year 1938, the Old Governor’s Mansion in Milledgeville will have reached its one hundredth birth-date. A 
Centennial Celebration to commemorate this occasion, has been the happy thought of many who are greatly interested. 
No period of the South’s history was so colorful as the sixty years during which this city occupied the place of honor as 
Georgia’s Capital, and the Governors and their ladies resided in this Old Mansion. Should these plans mature, this Old 
Capital City will have the chance to re-create the scenes of The Long Ago, dreaming of “the tender grace of a day 
that is dead.” 

\ ou hold in your hand A 1 reasure Album. 1 urn once more to its beginning, and as you scan the pages, read into 
them the love and faith with which it was prepared; love for a glorious yesterday, and faith in a wonderful tomorrow. 

Fifty-Two 




THE EDITOR 







































































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